Collaborative Research: AON: The Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO)

合作研究：AON：北极大河观测站（Arctic-GRO）

• 批准号: 1602615
• 负责人: Robert Holmes
• 金额: $ 84.06万
• 依托单位: Woodwell Climate Research Center, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602615&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; AON; Arctic; Great

Just like changes in blood chemistry can be used to diagnose an individual?s health, so too can changes in river water chemistry be used to evaluate the condition of a river?s watershed. In the Arctic, six massive rivers capture freshwater runoff from two-thirds of the land area that drains to the Arctic Ocean. The chemistry of this runoff reflects watershed characteristics (e.g. soil composition), and carries essential nutrients to the marine environment. The overarching scientific objective of the Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO) is to make sustained observations of the chemistry of these six large rivers, which is vital for assessing changes on land that subsequently impact physical, chemical, and biological properties of the Arctic Ocean. The project involves partnerships with the Yukon River Intertribal Watershed Council, The Pilot Station Traditional Council, the Gwichya Gwich?in Renewable Resource Council, and with the University of Alaska at Kuskowkwin community college that serves the largely Yup?ik residents of the Yukon-Kuskowkwim Delta. . The six rivers included in the Arctic Great Rivers Observatory are the Yukon and Mackenzie in North American and the Ob?, Yenisey, Lena, and Kolyma in Eurasia. The rivers will be sampled near their mouths, every two months for three years, using identical sample collection and preservation protocols. Approximately 40 parameters will be measured on all samples including dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations and isotopic compositions, concentrations of dissolved nutrients, major ions, and trace elements, and optical properties of dissolved organic matter, including UV absorbance and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. For QA/QC purposes, every analysis will be conducted at a single laboratory. The resulting data, along with complementary data on river discharge, will be made available without restriction at the Arctic-GRO website (arcticgreatrivers.org) and through the NSF Arctic Data Center. Arctic-GRO data, which build on observatory records that extend back to 2003, provide valuable end-members for the oceanographic research community as well as for analyses of terrestrial landscape change.

就像血液化学的变化可以用来诊断一个人一样？因此，河水化学成分的变化也可以用来评估河流的状况吗？年代的分水岭。在北极，6条巨大的河流从流入北冰洋的陆地面积的三分之二吸收淡水径流。径流的化学性质反映了流域特征（如土壤成分），并向海洋环境携带必需的营养物质。北极大河观测站（Arctic- gro）的首要科学目标是对这六条大河的化学成分进行持续观测，这对于评估随后影响北冰洋物理、化学和生物特性的陆地变化至关重要。该项目涉及与育空河部落间流域委员会、试验站传统委员会、Gwichya Gwich？与阿拉斯加大学Kuskowkwin社区学院合作，该学院主要服务于什么？育空-库斯科夫温三角洲的居民。包括在北极大河观测站的六条河流是北美的育空河和麦肯齐河，以及奥巴马河。在欧亚大陆，叶尼塞，莉娜和科雷马。在三年内，每两个月在河口附近的河流取样，使用相同的样本收集和保存协议。将测量所有样品的大约40个参数，包括溶解和颗粒有机碳浓度和同位素组成，溶解营养物质、主要离子和微量元素的浓度，以及溶解有机物的光学性质，包括紫外线吸收度和荧光激发-发射矩阵。出于质量保证/质量控制的目的，每个分析将在一个实验室进行。结果数据以及河流流量的补充数据将在Arctic- gro网站（arcticgreatrivers.org）和NSF北极数据中心上不受限制地提供。Arctic-GRO数据建立在2003年以来的观测记录之上，为海洋学研究界和陆地景观变化分析提供了有价值的终端数据。

项目成果

River Discharge

• DOI: 10.1038/077148b0
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8

Increasing Alkalinity Export from Large Russian Arctic Rivers

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01051
• 发表时间: 2018-08-07
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Drake, Travis W.;Tank, Suzanne E.;Spencer, Robert G. M.
• 通讯作者: Spencer, Robert G. M.

Seasonal and Geographic Variation in Dissolved Carbon Biogeochemistry of Rivers Draining to the Canadian Arctic Ocean and Hudson Bay

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jg004659
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: Joanna Y. S. Li Yung Lung;S. Tank;C. Spence;Daqing Yang;B. Bonsal;J. McClelland;R. Holmes

Rivers across the Siberian Arctic unearth the patterns of carbon release from thawing permafrost

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1811797116
• 发表时间: 2019-05
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: B. Wild;A. Andersson;L. Bröder;J. Vonk;G. Hugelius;J. McClelland;Wenjun Song;P. Raymond;Ö. Gustaf

Watershed slope as a predictor of fluvial dissolved organic matter and nitrate concentrations across geographical space and catchment size in the Arctic

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aae35d
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: C. Connolly;M. Khosh;G. Burkart;T. Douglas;R. Holmes;A. Jacobson;S. Tank;J. McClelland