Collaborative Research: Natural and anthropogenic controls on the inorganic carbon dynamics in the Chukchi Sea

合作研究：自然和人为对楚科奇海无机碳动态的控制

• 批准号: 1603116
• 负责人: Claudine Hauri
• 金额: $ 44.38万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603116&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Natural; anthropogenic; controls

As a result of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean and its peripheral seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This process, called ocean acidification, decreases the pH and consumes carbonate ions. Ocean acidification is further enhanced as the Arctic Ocean?s sea ice cover is reduced over longer periods of time each year. The fast chemical changes of the waters are detrimental to many marine organisms. In particular, it makes it more difficult for calcifying organisms to build their calcium carbonate shells or skeletons. Since many of the calcifying organisms exist at the base of the food chain, there are potentially important, but poorly understood, consequences for the marine ecosystem. This project will utilize and improve a numerical model of the physical circulation and biogeochemistry of the Chukchi Sea, a shallow sea peripheral to the Arctic Ocean, to study carbon dynamics and ocean acidification throughout the annual cycle.This project will contribute to STEM workforce development through the provision of support to two early-career scientists during their formative years. It will also provide support for the training of a graduate student. Outreach to a local K-12 Aleut community will be enabled by participation in classroom activities during the annual "Bering Sea Days" on St. Paul Island. The resulting model results will be a resource for related studies of the marine carbon cycle in the Arctic, such as the international Distributed Biological Observatory (DBO) program and the Arctic Marine Biodiversity Observing Network (AMBON).Little is known about the carbon dynamics of the Chukchi Sea in fall, winter and spring due to limited spatial and temporal data coverage in this remote and often inaccessible area. This project will utilize moderately high-resolution three-dimensional ocean and ice circulation regional physical-biogeochemical numerical model (ROMS + COBALT) integrations to study Chukchi Sea carbon dynamics and ocean acidification throughout the year. Hindcasts (1979-present) will be forced by meteorological reanalysis products and will account for lateral transport from the Bering Sea and central Arctic as well as input of organic and inorganic carbon from rivers and sea-ice melt water. Specific project tasks will include: data-based evaluation of the simulated ocean biogeochemistry system fields; characterization of the patterns of carbon dioxide system variability for the Chukchi Sea across time-scales; partition of the underlying physical and biological mechanisms; quantification of the downstream transport of organic and inorganic carbon using dye tracers and Lagrangian floats; and analysis of the sensitivity of ecosystem processes to ocean acidification.

由于大气中二氧化碳浓度不断增加，北冰洋及其周边海域的冷水从大气中吸收了越来越多的二氧化碳。这个过程称为海洋酸化，会降低 pH 值并消耗碳酸根离子。随着北冰洋海冰覆盖面积每年在较长时间内减少，海洋酸化进一步加剧。水域的快速化学变化对许多海洋生物有害。特别是，它使钙化生物更难以构建其碳酸钙外壳或骨骼。由于许多钙化生物存在于食物链的底部，因此对海洋生态系统可能产生重要但人们知之甚少的后果。 该项目将利用并改进楚科奇海（北冰洋外围浅海）的物理循环和生物地球化学数值模型，以研究整个年度循环中的碳动态和海洋酸化。该项目将通过为两名早期职业科学家的成长阶段提供支持，为 STEM 劳动力发展做出贡献。 它还将为研究生的培训提供支持。 通过参与圣保罗岛年度“白令海日”期间的课堂活动，可以向当地 K-12 阿留申社区进行推广。 由此产生的模型结果将成为北极海洋碳循环相关研究的资源，例如国际分布式生物观测站（DBO）计划和北极海洋生物多样性观测网络（AMBON）。由于楚科奇海这个偏远且经常难以到达的地区的时空数据覆盖范围有限，人们对楚科奇海秋季、冬季和春季的碳动态知之甚少。该项目将利用中等高分辨率三维海洋和冰环流区域物理生物地球化学数值模型（ROMS + COBALT）集成来研究楚科奇海全年碳动态和海洋酸化。后报（1979年至今）将受到气象再分析产品的推动，并将考虑白令海和北极中部的横向传输以及来自河流和海冰融水的有机和无机碳的输入。具体项目任务将包括：对模拟海洋生物地球化学系统场进行基于数据的评估；楚科奇海二氧化碳系统随时间尺度变化模式的表征；潜在的物理和生物机制的划分；使用染料示踪剂和拉格朗日浮子对有机和无机碳的下游传输进行量化；生态系统过程对海洋酸化的敏感性分析。