Collaborative Research: AON: The Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO)

合作研究：AON：北极大河观测站（Arctic-GRO）

• 批准号: 1603149
• 负责人: Robert Spencer
• 金额: $ 16.9万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; AON; Arctic; Great

Just like changes in blood chemistry can be used to diagnose an individual's health, so too can changes in river water chemistry be used to evaluate the condition of a river's watershed. In the Arctic, six massive rivers capture freshwater runoff from two-thirds of the land area that drains to the Arctic Ocean. The chemistry of this runoff reflects watershed characteristics (e.g. soil composition), and carries essential nutrients to the marine environment. The overarching scientific objective of the Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO) is to make sustained observations of the chemistry of these six large rivers, which is vital for assessing changes on land that subsequently impact physical, chemical, and biological properties of the Arctic Ocean. The project involves partnerships with the Yukon River Intertribal Watershed Council, The Pilot Station Traditional Council, the Gwichya Gwich'in Renewable Resource Council, and with the University of Alaska at Kuskowkwin community college that serves the largely Yup'ik residents of the Yukon-Kuskowkwim Delta. The six rivers included in the Arctic Great Rivers Observatory are the Yukon and Mackenzie in North American and the Ob', Yenisey, Lena, and Kolyma in Eurasia. The rivers will be sampled near their mouths, every two months for three years, using identical sample collection and preservation protocols. Approximately 40 parameters will be measured on all samples including dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations and isotopic compositions, concentrations of dissolved nutrients, major ions, and trace elements, and optical properties of dissolved organic matter, including UV absorbance and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices. For QA/QC purposes, every analysis will be conducted at a single laboratory. The resulting data, along with complementary data on river discharge, will be made available without restriction at the Arctic-GRO website (arcticgreatrivers.org) and through the NSF Arctic Data Center. Arctic-GRO data, which build on observatory records that extend back to 2003, provide valuable end-members for the oceanographic research community as well as for analyses of terrestrial landscape change.

就像血液化学的变化可以用来诊断一个人的健康状况一样，河水化学的变化也可以用来评估河流流域的状况。 在北极，六条巨大的河流从三分之二的陆地上收集淡水径流，这些淡水径流流入北冰洋。 这种径流的化学性质反映了流域的特征（例如土壤成分），并为海洋环境带来了必要的营养物质。 北极大河观测站（Arctic-GRO）的首要科学目标是对这六条大河的化学进行持续观测，这对于评估陆地上的变化至关重要，这些变化随后影响北冰洋的物理，化学和生物特性。该项目涉及与育空地区河部落间流域理事会、试点站传统理事会、Gwichya Gwich'in可再生资源理事会以及阿拉斯加大学Kuskowkwin社区学院的伙伴关系，该学院为育空-Kuskowkwim三角洲的大部分Yup'ik居民提供服务。北极大河观测站包括的六条河流是北美的育空地区和麦肯齐以及欧亚大陆的奥布河、叶尼塞河、勒拿河和科雷马河。 这些河流将在河口附近取样，每两个月一次，为期三年，使用相同的样本收集和保存协议。 将对所有样品测量大约40个参数，包括溶解和颗粒有机碳浓度和同位素组成，溶解营养物、主要离子和微量元素的浓度，以及溶解有机物的光学特性，包括紫外吸收和荧光激发-发射矩阵。 出于QA/QC目的，每次分析将在单个实验室进行。 由此产生的数据，沿着补充数据的河流流量，将不受限制地提供在北极-GRO网站（arcticgreatrivers.org）和通过国家科学基金会北极数据中心。 北极-地球观测站数据建立在观测记录的基础上，可追溯到2003年，为海洋学研究界以及陆地景观变化分析提供了宝贵的终端成员。