A Novel Diamond Nanode Technology for Highly Multiplexed, Multimodal Biosensing of Brain Chemicals

用于脑化学物质高度多重、多模式生物传感的新型金刚石纳米技术

• 批准号: 1603450
• 负责人: Prabhu Arumugam
• 金额: $ 29.98万
• 依托单位: Louisiana Tech University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603450&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Novel; Diamond; Nanode; Technology; Highly

PI: Prabhu ArumugamA practical understanding of the human brain is one of the the greatest scientific challenges of the 21st century. Current neural probes to elucidate the chemical mechanisms underlying brain function lack the multiplexing and multimodal capabilities necessary for detecting multiple classes of brain analytes that have been implicated in various brain disorders. This project will advance basic neuroscience research by the development of highly sensitive, and highly reliable diamond-platinum nanoelectrodes capable of sensing local concentration changes of brain chemicals. The nanoelectrodes will also facilitate fundamental advances in emerging analytical measurements within cellular and sub-cellular domains.An understanding of the human brain is one of the greatest scientific challenge of the 21st century. Previous research in this highly topical field has demonstrated the importance of neurochemicals, toxins and field potentials for neuronal communication in healthy and diseased states. The dynamics of interaction between these key functions, in all areas of the brain, is clearly of critical clinical importance to the development of a useful brain chemical model. The proposed research will result in the development of a novel multi-purpose biosensing nanoprobe capable of near simultaneous in vivo sensing of multiple brain analytes in body fluids. The proposed probe will utilize new carbon nanostructures, advanced nanoelectrode geometries and fabrication processes and redox cycling methods to demonstrate at least a 10-fold increase in the key sensor metrics, i.e. the sensitivity, selectivity and limits of detection as compared to current neural sensing electrodes. Specifically, and for the first time, a concentric three-dimensional nanoprobe for brain analyte testing will be microfabricated with several individually addressable BDUNCD (Boron-Doped Ultrananocrystalline Diamond) and Pt nanoring nanoelectrodes ?nanodes?. One of the potential applications of the nanodes is the localized sensing of changes in the levels of different brain analytes, e.g. dopamine, lead and electrical field potentials as affected by external stimuli such as neuromodulation. This will fundamentally improve understanding of neurostimulation mechanisms, which is a promising technique now being employed for patients with brain disorders. The creation of new nanodes, the central goal of this project, would also allow progress in emerging analytical measurements within cellular and sub-cellular domains. This project will deliver innovative nanoprobes to advance basic science that is expected to be transformative in terms of its unique multifunctional, multimodal and multiplexing capability. The proposed research will contribute new advanced materials and fabrication science to the general nanobiosensing field including nanodes for high sensitivity and high selectivity chemical sensing.

派：Prabhu Arumugam对人脑的实际了解是21世纪最大的科学挑战之一。目前用于阐明大脑功能潜在化学机制的神经探针缺乏检测与各种大脑疾病有关的多种大脑分析物所需的多路和多模式能力。该项目将通过开发高灵敏、高可靠的钻石-铂纳米电极来推动基础神经科学研究，该电极能够感知大脑化学物质的局部浓度变化。纳米电极还将促进细胞和亚细胞领域新出现的分析测量的根本进展。了解人脑是21世纪最大的科学挑战之一。在这个高度热门的领域，先前的研究已经证明了神经化学物质、毒素和场电位在健康和疾病状态下对神经元通讯的重要性。这些关键功能之间的相互作用的动力学，在大脑的所有区域，显然对开发有用的大脑化学模型具有关键的临床重要性。这项拟议的研究将导致开发一种新型的多用途生物传感纳米探针，能够几乎同时在体内检测体液中的多种脑分析物。建议的探测器将利用新的碳纳米结构、先进的纳米电极几何结构和制造工艺以及氧化还原循环方法来展示关键传感器指标，即检测的灵敏度、选择性和极限比目前的神经传感电极至少提高10倍。具体地说，将首次用几个可单独寻址的BDUNCD(掺硼超纳米晶体钻石)和铂纳米电极(纳米电极？)微制造用于脑分析物测试的同心三维纳米探针。纳米电极的潜在应用之一是局部感知不同大脑分析物水平的变化，如多巴胺、铅和电场电位受外部刺激(如神经调节)的影响。这将从根本上提高对神经刺激机制的理解，这是一种很有前途的技术，目前正被用于脑部疾病患者。该项目的中心目标是创建新的纳米粒子，这也将有助于在细胞和亚细胞领域内新出现的分析测量方面取得进展。该项目将提供创新的纳米探测器，以推进基础科学，预计将在其独特的多功能、多模式和多路复用能力方面具有变革性。这项研究将为包括用于高灵敏度和高选择性化学传感的纳米电极在内的一般纳米生物传感领域贡献新的先进材料和制造科学。