A Novel Diamond Nanode Technology for Highly Multiplexed, Multimodal Biosensing of Brain Chemicals

主要研究者： Prabhu Arumugam对人类大脑的实际理解是21世纪世纪最大的科学挑战之一。目前的神经探针，以阐明脑功能的化学机制缺乏必要的多路复用和多模式的能力，检测多种类别的脑分析物，已牵连在各种脑疾病。该项目将通过开发能够感知大脑化学物质局部浓度变化的高灵敏度和高可靠性的金刚石-铂纳米电极来推进基础神经科学研究。纳米电极还将促进细胞和亚细胞领域内新兴分析测量的根本性进展。对人类大脑的理解是21世纪世纪最大的科学挑战之一。在这一高度热门领域的先前研究已经证明了神经化学物质，毒素和场电位对健康和疾病状态下神经元通信的重要性。在大脑的所有区域中，这些关键功能之间的相互作用的动力学对于开发有用的大脑化学模型显然具有至关重要的临床意义。拟议的研究将导致开发一种新型的多用途生物传感纳米探针，能够几乎同时在体内检测体液中的多种脑分析物。所提出的探针将利用新的碳纳米结构、先进的纳米电极几何形状和制造工艺以及氧化还原循环方法，以证明与当前的神经传感电极相比，关键传感器指标（即灵敏度、选择性和检测极限）至少增加10倍。具体来说，并首次，一个同心的三维纳米探针的大脑分析物测试将与几个单独寻址BDUNCD（硼掺杂超纳米金刚石）和铂纳米环纳米电极微制造？nanodes？.纳米线的潜在应用之一是局部感测不同脑分析物（例如多巴胺、铅和电场电位）的水平变化，所述不同脑分析物受外部刺激（例如神经调节）影响。这将从根本上提高对神经刺激机制的理解，这是一种很有前途的技术，目前正在用于大脑疾病患者。该项目的中心目标是创建新的纳米线，这也将使细胞和亚细胞领域内新兴的分析测量取得进展。该项目将提供创新的纳米探针，以推进基础科学，预计其独特的多功能，多模式和多路复用能力将带来变革。拟议的研究将有助于新的先进材料和制造科学的一般nanobiosensing领域，包括nanodes的高灵敏度和高选择性化学传感。

PI: Prabhu ArumugamA practical understanding of the human brain is one of the the greatest scientific challenges of the 21st century. Current neural probes to elucidate the chemical mechanisms underlying brain function lack the multiplexing and multimodal capabilities necessary for detecting multiple classes of brain analytes that have been implicated in various brain disorders. This project will advance basic neuroscience research by the development of highly sensitive, and highly reliable diamond-platinum nanoelectrodes capable of sensing local concentration changes of brain chemicals. The nanoelectrodes will also facilitate fundamental advances in emerging analytical measurements within cellular and sub-cellular domains.An understanding of the human brain is one of the greatest scientific challenge of the 21st century. Previous research in this highly topical field has demonstrated the importance of neurochemicals, toxins and field potentials for neuronal communication in healthy and diseased states. The dynamics of interaction between these key functions, in all areas of the brain, is clearly of critical clinical importance to the development of a useful brain chemical model. The proposed research will result in the development of a novel multi-purpose biosensing nanoprobe capable of near simultaneous in vivo sensing of multiple brain analytes in body fluids. The proposed probe will utilize new carbon nanostructures, advanced nanoelectrode geometries and fabrication processes and redox cycling methods to demonstrate at least a 10-fold increase in the key sensor metrics, i.e. the sensitivity, selectivity and limits of detection as compared to current neural sensing electrodes. Specifically, and for the first time, a concentric three-dimensional nanoprobe for brain analyte testing will be microfabricated with several individually addressable BDUNCD (Boron-Doped Ultrananocrystalline Diamond) and Pt nanoring nanoelectrodes ?nanodes?. One of the potential applications of the nanodes is the localized sensing of changes in the levels of different brain analytes, e.g. dopamine, lead and electrical field potentials as affected by external stimuli such as neuromodulation. This will fundamentally improve understanding of neurostimulation mechanisms, which is a promising technique now being employed for patients with brain disorders. The creation of new nanodes, the central goal of this project, would also allow progress in emerging analytical measurements within cellular and sub-cellular domains. This project will deliver innovative nanoprobes to advance basic science that is expected to be transformative in terms of its unique multifunctional, multimodal and multiplexing capability. The proposed research will contribute new advanced materials and fabrication science to the general nanobiosensing field including nanodes for high sensitivity and high selectivity chemical sensing.