GOALI: Cationic Inorganic Materials for Perchlorate Remediation

GOALI：用于高氯酸盐修复的阳离子无机材料

• 批准号: 1603754
• 负责人: Scott Oliver
• 金额: $ 33.85万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Cationic; Inorganic; Materials; Perchlorate

1603754OliverPerchlorate ion is highly mobile natural waters and is difficult to treat. Due to its similar molecular size, it blocks the uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland and can disrupt the ability to produce hormones needed for normal growth, metabolism and development, and, is considered an endocrine disrupter, especially dangerous to children and pregnant women. This GOALI proposal will establish an important collaboration between the PI's group at UC Santa Cruz and Aerojet Rocketdyne. The project will examine a new approach to treating perchlorate contaminated waters and result in a more effective, economical perchlorate remediation than the current single-use processes.The PI has discovered SLUG-n cationic materials that can exchange nitrate for perchlorate over indefinite cycles. This important advance could lead to the replacement of the single-use ion exchange resins currently used at Aerojet Rocketdyne. The groundwater plume at the Aerojet Rocketdyne site has perchlorate at levels up to 6,000 ppb. The Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for perchlorate in California is 4 ppb while the EPA mandates a nitrate MCL of 10 ppm. Release of nitrate is therefore acceptable at 6 ppm. However, a recent breakthrough in the PIs laboratory has been to replace nitrate by acetate, which is environmentally benign. The anions are easily swapped by placing the solid into a solution containing the incoming anion. The process is far more selective, rapid and higher capacity than the extensively studied ion exchange resins layered and double hydroxides. The SLUG-n solids can be reused indefinitely (seven cycles performed as proof-of-concept). The research will focus on several aims: (i) investigation of the anion exchange chemistry: characterization and optimization of the exchange capacity, kinetics and cycling lifetime for the current materials. Competing anions such as sulfate, nitrate and carbonate will be introduced way above the levels typical of the contaminated groundwater to verify the selectivity for perchlorate; (ii) pilot testing at the company?s Groundwater Extraction and Treatment facilities: the most promising perchlorate exchangers will be studied at Aerojet Rocketdynes treatment facility side streams. Both batch and column testing will be conducted in parallel and monitored daily by field specialists. Flow columns will be packed with material and scaling up of the synthesis will be straightforward since the host materials can be synthesized with 99% yield at room temperature; (iii) design of improved anion exchangers: the templating anion, organic linkers and metal building block of the host materials will be varied for isolating structures with improved exchange properties, reduced cost, lower toxicity of the outgoing anion and possible targeting of other anionic pollutants. Aerojet Rocketdyne is interested in partnering with UC Santa Cruz to advance innovative technologies that will improve the ability to capture and treat perchlorate in contaminated groundwater. The company will provide practical experience to students whose career paths will inherit and make significant advance towards a long-term treatment goal. The Groundwater Extraction and Treatment facilities under high security at the Aerojet Rocketdyne Sacramento site will provide a side stream and daily test monitoring of these promising new materials. Aerojet Rocketdyne has the expertise and infrastructure to help guide the research and aid in commercialization when this three-year GOALI study demonstrates the potential of commercial viability. The development of new materials for treatment of oxyanion including chromate and arsenate, in addition to perchlorate, is an important step in achieving remediation and water treatment goals more effectively and at lower cost.

1603754橄榄石高氯酸根离子是高度移动的天然沃茨，难以处理。由于其相似的分子大小，它阻止甲状腺对碘的吸收，并能破坏正常生长、代谢和发育所需的激素产生能力，被认为是一种内分泌干扰物，对儿童和孕妇尤其危险。该GOALI提案将在加州大学圣克鲁斯的PI小组和Aerojet Rocketdyne之间建立重要的合作关系。该项目将研究一种新的方法来处理高氯酸盐污染的沃茨，并导致一个更有效，更经济的高氯酸盐补救比目前的一次性使用的过程。PI已经发现了SLUG-n阳离子材料，可以交换硝酸盐高氯酸盐在无限的周期。这一重要进展可能会取代目前在Aerojet Rocketdyne使用的一次性离子交换树脂。Aerojet Rocketdyne场地的地下水羽流中的高氯酸盐含量高达6，000 ppb。在加州，高氯酸盐的最大污染物水平（MCL）为4 ppb，而EPA规定的硝酸盐MCL为10 ppm。因此，硝酸盐的释放量在6 ppm时是可接受的。然而，PI实验室最近的一项突破是用乙酸盐取代硝酸盐，这对环境无害。通过将固体放入含有引入阴离子的溶液中，阴离子很容易交换。该方法比广泛研究的层状和双氢氧化物离子交换树脂具有更高的选择性，更快和更高的容量。SLUG-n固体可以无限期地重复使用（作为概念验证进行了七次循环）。研究将集中在几个目标：（i）阴离子交换化学的研究：表征和优化当前材料的交换容量，动力学和循环寿命。竞争的阴离子，如硫酸盐，硝酸盐和碳酸盐将被引入的方式以上的典型水平的污染地下水，以验证高氯酸盐的选择性;（二）在该公司的试点测试？的地下水提取和处理设施：最有前途的高氯酸盐交换器将在Aerojet Rocketdynes处理设施侧流进行研究。批次和色谱柱检测将平行进行，并由现场专家每日监测。流动柱将填充有材料，并且合成的放大将是直接的，因为主体材料可以在室温下以99%的产率合成;（iii）改进的阴离子交换剂的设计：主体材料的模板阴离子、有机连接剂和金属结构单元将变化以用于具有改进的交换性能，降低的成本，流出阴离子的毒性较低，并可能靶向其它阴离子污染物。Aerojet Rocketdyne有兴趣与加州大学圣克鲁斯分校合作，推进创新技术，提高捕获和处理受污染地下水中高氯酸盐的能力。该公司将为学生提供实践经验，他们的职业道路将继承并朝着长期治疗目标取得重大进展。位于Aerojet Rocketdyne萨克拉门托工厂的地下水提取和处理设施处于高度安全状态，将为这些有前途的新材料提供侧流和日常测试监测。Aerojet Rocketdyne拥有专业知识和基础设施，可以帮助指导这项为期三年的GOALI研究，并在商业化方面提供帮助。除高氯酸盐外，开发新的含氧阴离子处理材料，包括铬酸盐和砷酸盐，是更有效和更低成本地实现补救和水处理目标的重要一步。