Imposing Stronger Constraints at the Submicron Range on Hypothetical Long-Range Forces

在过去的几十年里，寻找宇宙学标准模型预测之外的宏观作用力受到了实验者的特别关注。理解自然界的基本力一直是物理学的重要组成部分。虽然研究的第一个这样的力是引力，我们对这种相互作用的理解对于相互作用的物体之间相对较大的分离是非常精确的，但它在短距离内的有效性直到最近才得到测试。此外，未被检测到的光玻色子是支配自旋极化体之间相互作用的基本粒子，这种可能性受到的限制很小。这些小组计划作出努力，更好地了解这些问题。通过结合样品开发和对源和测试质量之间相互作用的非常精确的测量，将更好地了解潜在轻玻色子的相互作用强度和质量。PI和共同PI将继续吸引物理和工程专业的本科生和高中生参与拟议的工作。参与该项目的研究生还将对本科生负有监督职责，提高他们的领导能力。这两个PI都是少数族裔成员，他们将从物理学中代表性较低的群体中招募学生参与这项研究。特别是，他将利用他作为奇卡诺人和美洲原住民科学促进会(SACNAS)-IUPUI分会联合顾问的职位，引起西班牙裔和美国原住民社区对科学事业的兴趣。研究生将接受物理、精密测量和磁学两个子学科的培训。将在社区聚会活动(科学学院新生野餐日、开放日)和招募活动以及课堂环境中展示与武力原则有关的演示、他们在远处的行动以及随着距离的增加而减少的力量。具体地说，这项建议将：i)将现有的限制扩大到亚微米范围内的未极化群众。这将主要通过对以前使用的系统进行微小的修改来实现，ii)发展没有净磁化的自旋极化质量。这一发展将通过以所需的几何形状沉积薄膜来完成，(Iii)使用所生长的自旋极化的零磁化薄膜来限制短距离内单极-偶极相互作用的存在，以及(Iv)研究实验中存在的剩余静电力的系统效应。将继续调查在短距离测量小力时遇到的普遍存在的问题，这些问题是由于测试物体和源体表面上的随机电位的影响而引起的。

Search for macroscopic forces outside predictions from the Standard Model of cosmology have received particular attention by experimentalists in the last few decades. Understanding the fundamental forces of nature has always been an important part of physics. While the first such force studied was the gravitational force and our understanding of this interaction is extremely precise for relatively large separations among the interacting bodies, its validity at short distances has only recently been tested. Furthermore, the possibility of undetected light bosons, elementary particles governing the interaction between spin polarized bodies, is very poorly constrained. The groups plans to undertake an effort to gain a better understanding of these issues. By combining sample development and very precise measurements of the interactions between a source and a test mass, a much better knowledge of the interaction strength and mass of potential light bosons will be gained. The PI and co-PI will continue to attract undergraduate and high school students in physics and engineering to participate in the proposed work. Graduate students involved in the project will also have supervisory duties over undergraduate students, improving their leadership skills. Both PIs are minority members, and they will recruit students to participate in this research from underrepresented groups in physics. In particular the PI will use his position as co-advisor of the Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS)-IUPUI chapter to interest the Hispanic and Native American community in Science careers. Graduate students will be trained in two sub-disciplines in physics, precision measurements and magnetism. Demonstrations associated with the principles of forces, their actions at a distance and the decrease of their strength as the distance increases will be presented at community gathering events (School of Science Freshmen Picnic Day, Open Houses) and recruiting events and in the classroom environment.Specifically, this proposal will: i) extend existing constraints for unpolarized masses at submicron range. This will be achieved mainly through a minor modification of the system previously used, ii) develop spin-polarized masses with no net magnetization. This development will be accomplished by the deposition of thin films in the required geometry, (iii) use the grown spin-polarized, zero magnetization films to constrain the existence of monopole-dipole interactions at short ranges, and (iv) study the systematic effect of the residual electrostatic forces present in the experiment. The ubiquitous problem encountered in the measurement of small forces at short separations arising from the effect of random electric potential on the surfaces of the test and source bodies will continue to be investigated.