Investigations on Circuit Requirements to Enhance the Bandwidth of Point-Field Detectors Used as Current Sensor

电力电子是当今电力输送系统不可或缺的一部分，如可再生能源系统、电动汽车、数据中心和大多数消费电子产品。在这些应用中，电流信息通常是为了控制、诊断和预测目的而需要知道和测量的基本参数。随着特别关注高频功率转换器的电力电子电路的进步，需要研究测量电流的替代方法和技术。这些方法应该导致具有快速响应、准确、无损耗并且优选地非侵入性的电流传感器的可用性。该项目研究技术和方法，以创建一个平台，开发可用于高频电力电子电路或集成在功率半导体模块中的电流检测方案。预计作为该项目的一部分进行的研究将导致非接触式电流传感器的性能比最先进的技术提高一个数量级。今天，没有电流传感器可以用于许多电力电子系统，优化工作在1MHz以上的开关频率。这项研究将解决这种传感器的需求和要求。本研究旨在探讨高频高压电力电子系统之非接触式整合电流感测技术。该项目的研究将涉及调查对印刷电路板迹线中电流产生的磁场做出响应的材料和技术。特别是，非常高的带宽电流传感器，使用磁阻（MR）和一个小型化的电感器与互补特性一起将被调查。这项研究将解决测量的挑战，由于不对称的电流分布和显着不均匀的磁场在频率超过1MHz的轨迹周围。所提出的方法是通过使用磁场集中器（MCON）适当地塑造和放大磁场来实现的，以避免修改电路板布局。不同的MCON配置相对于空间和材料参数将通过仿真和硬件实验进行研究。

Power electronics is an integral part of today's power delivery systems such as renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, data centers and most consumer electronics. In these applications, electric current information is often an essential parameter that needs to be known and measured for control, diagnostic and prognostic purposes. With advances in power electronic circuits with specific attention to high frequency power converters, there is a need to investigate alternative approaches and techniques to measure the current. These approaches should result in availability of current sensors that have fast-response, are accurate, loss-less, and preferably non-intrusive. This project investigates techniques and methods to create a platform to develop current sensing schemes that can be utilized in high frequency power electronic circuits or integrated in power semiconductor modules. It is expected that the research conducted as part of this project will result in contactless current sensors with an order of magnitude performance improvement over state-of-the-art technologies.Today, there is no current sensor that can be used in many power electronics systems optimized to operate with switching frequencies beyond 1MHz. This research will address the need and requirements for such sensors. The objective of this research is to investigate contactless integrated current sensing techniques for high frequency, high voltage power electronic systems. The research in this project will involve investigating materials and techniques that respond to the magnetic field produced by the current in a printed circuit board trace. In particular, very high bandwidth current sensors using Magneto-Resistor (MR) and a miniaturized inductor together with complementary characteristics will be investigated. This research will address the challenges of measurements due to asymmetrical current distribution and significantly non-uniform magnetic field around the trace at frequencies beyond 1MHz. The proposed approach is achieved through properly shaping and amplifying the magnetic field with Magnetic field CONcentrators (MCON) to avoid circuit board layout modifications. Different MCON configurations with respect to spatial and material parameters will be studied through simulation and hardware experimentation.