Underground Study of Stellar Neutron Sources for Trans-Fe Element Production in Stars
用于恒星中生产反式铁元素的恒星中子源的地下研究
基本信息
- 批准号:1615197
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 39万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2016-09-01 至 2020-09-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The origin of the elements has been identified by the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee as one of the most important questions of our day. Current astronomical observations indicate that many elements found commonly on Earth were first synthesized in the center of stars, where fusion and other nuclear reactions take place. These nuclear reactions control the associated energy generation and evolution of stars. However, the stellar conditions are difficult to reproduce in the laboratory. Under the special conditions proposed here, using a novel compact accelerator placed deep underground, some of the key nuclear reactions that take place in stars can be measured. The goal of this research is to measure nuclear processes that are part of a chain of reactions leading to the synthesis of elements. These are the elements that make possible life on Earth. The project seeks to study the strength of stellar neutron sources that drive the s-process, one of the two dominant sources for the production of heavy elements. One of the most critical processes is alpha-particle induced reactions on Ne-22, producing Mg-25 plus a neutron, but other alpha-neutron reactions may also play a role depending on the stellar environment. However, the large cosmic ray induced neutron background has been prohibitive for advancing these measurements into the stellar energy range and the present reaction rates rely on theoretical extrapolations that carry high uncertainties. There has been no facility where these measurements can be pursued in a background neutron free environment. Over the past years the CASPAR (Compact Accelerator System for Performing Astrophysical Re¬search) instrumentation has been constructed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility to address this need. CASPAR operates a 1 million-Volt, high intensity, fully refurbished Van de Graaff accelerator that can provide alpha beam intensities of several hundred micro-Ampere. The proposed experiments rely on the use of a solid and a recirculating gas target system and a He-3 detector system for neutron counting. Successful implementation of a science program at CASPAR will offer a competitive opportunity for the US nuclear astrophysics community to maintain leadership in the field. It will provide a world-wide unique opportunity to study stellar helium burning reactions associated with the synthesis of carbon and the neutron production for trans-iron nuclei.
这些元素的起源已被核科学咨询委员会确定为当今最重要的问题之一。目前的天文观测表明,地球上常见的许多元素最初是在恒星的中心合成的,那里发生了核聚变和其他核反应。这些核反应控制着相关能量的产生和恒星的演化。然而,恒星的条件很难在实验室中重现。在这里提出的特殊条件下,使用放置在地下深处的新型紧凑型加速器,可以测量恒星中发生的一些关键核反应。这项研究的目的是测量导致元素合成的一系列反应的一部分的核过程。这些元素使地球上的生命成为可能。该项目旨在研究驱动s过程的恒星中子源的强度,s过程是产生重元素的两个主要来源之一。最关键的过程之一是在Ne-22上的α粒子诱导反应,产生Mg-25和一个中子,但根据恒星环境的不同,其他α中子反应也可能起作用。然而,大宇宙射线诱导的中子背景阻碍了将这些测量推进到恒星能量范围,并且目前的反应速率依赖于具有高不确定性的理论外推。在没有中子的背景环境中,没有可以进行这些测量的设施。在过去的几年里,为了满足这一需求,在桑福德地下研究设施建造了CASPAR(用于执行天体物理研究的紧凑型加速器系统)仪器。CASPAR运行着一个100万伏特的高强度,完全翻新的范德格拉夫加速器,可以提供几百微安培的α光束强度。所提出的实验依赖于使用固体和再循环气体靶系统和氦-3探测器系统进行中子计数。CASPAR科学项目的成功实施将为美国核天体物理学界提供一个保持该领域领先地位的竞争机会。它将提供一个世界范围内独一无二的机会来研究与碳合成和反式铁核中子产生有关的恒星氦燃烧反应。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Frank Strieder其他文献
Frank Strieder的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Frank Strieder', 18)}}的其他基金
Conference on Science at the Sanford Underground Research Facility 2019 May 15-17, 2019 in Lead, South Dakota.
2019 年桑福德地下研究设施科学会议于 2019 年 5 月 15 日至 17 日在南达科他州利德举行。
- 批准号:
1914835 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 39万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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