OP: Complex Media Optics and Imaging

OP：复杂媒体光学和成像

• 批准号: 1616954
• 负责人: Knut Solna
• 金额: $ 23.6万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1616954&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OP; Complex; Media; Optics; Imaging

Scintillation of the stars is a physical phenomenon that everyone observes and most appreciate as a fascinating and beautiful phenomenon. Albeit well understood from a physical perspective, the phenomenon still is not rigorously described from a precise quantitative perspective. This project concerns an analogous phenomenon that arises in biomedical applications, where one needs to describe how the optical field "scintillates" and is affected by tissue microstructure in imaging studies. High-resolution biomedical imaging is fundamentally important for early cancer detection, monitoring of drug efficiency, computer assisted surgery, and for the evaluation of health of tissue, organs, and bones in general. Monitoring of glucose level, heart rate, blood pressure, and other medical indicators may in the future be optically based, and new drugs that are activated by focusing of optical energy may significantly reduce potential side effects in the treatment of cancer or diabetes. Biological tissue is typically so complicated that one can only describe the microstructure in a statistical fashion. In this project the complex multiscale propagation environment will be modeled as a heterogeneous multiscale random field varying in both space and time. The project will support the development of new optically based techniques in biomedical imaging by enhancing our understanding of how the optical field is affected by the microstructure. The project will also support the development of new techniques in other areas of imaging and wave propagation, such as remote sensing and communication through the atmosphere and in geophysical imaging. In the project, specific scaling relations will used to derive asymptotic descriptions of wave field statistics. The descriptions will be used in the development of optimal filtering and imaging techniques that can exploit the vast amount of data that new optical technology provides. Such a description of the wave field will have important applications in a range of areas in optics and imaging, while the focus here is on quantitative biomedical imaging. The project aims at developing new results that allow one to model optical wave propagation in complicated media. This will concern propagation both for paraxial waves and propagation in the sub-diffusive regime, moreover, propagation in the radiative transfer and diffusion regimes. The development is based on stochastic modeling of the multiscale medium and using scaling limits that allow one to characterize the statistics of the wave field. A main technical challenge in this work is the fact that in the context of waves, information flows in all directions due to wave scattering, rather than being an evolution problem as in the classic context of stochastic processes. This situation leads to an infinite family of imbedding problems that couple statistically. Novel imaging and filtering techniques that exploit spectral wave information for multi-point observations of the optical field will be analyzed and developed in the project, using the scaling limit results developed together with random matrix theory and statistical estimation techniques.

星星的闪烁是一种物理现象，每个人都观察到，最欣赏的是一种迷人而美丽的现象。尽管从物理学的角度可以很好地理解这种现象，但仍然没有从精确的定量角度进行严格的描述。该项目涉及生物医学应用中出现的类似现象，其中需要描述光场如何“闪烁”并受成像研究中组织微结构的影响。高分辨率生物医学成像对于早期癌症检测，药物效率监测，计算机辅助手术以及一般组织，器官和骨骼健康的评估至关重要。血糖水平、心率、血压和其他医学指标的监测在未来可能是基于光学的，并且通过聚焦光能激活的新药可能显著减少癌症或糖尿病治疗中的潜在副作用。 生物组织通常非常复杂，以至于人们只能以统计方式描述其微观结构。 在这个项目中，复杂的多尺度传播环境将被建模为一个异构的多尺度随机场变化的空间和时间。该项目将通过增强我们对光场如何受微结构影响的理解，支持生物医学成像中新的光学技术的发展。该项目还将支持在成像和波传播的其他领域开发新技术，如通过大气层和地球物理成像进行遥感和通信。在这个项目中，特定的尺度关系将被用来导出波场统计的渐近描述。这些描述将用于开发最佳滤波和成像技术，这些技术可以利用新光学技术提供的大量数据。这种波场的描述将在光学和成像领域的一系列领域中具有重要的应用，而这里的重点是定量生物医学成像。该项目旨在开发新的成果，使人们能够模拟光波在复杂介质中的传播。这将涉及传播的近轴波和传播的亚扩散制度，此外，在辐射传输和扩散制度的传播。发展的基础上随机建模的多尺度介质和使用缩放限制，允许一个特征的波场的统计。这项工作的主要技术挑战是，在波浪的背景下，由于波浪散射，信息在各个方向上流动，而不是像随机过程的经典背景下那样是一个演化问题。这种情况导致了一个无限的家庭嵌入问题，夫妇统计。利用随机矩阵理论和统计估计技术开发的尺度极限结果，将在该项目中分析和开发利用光谱波信息进行多点观测的新成像和滤波技术。