CNH-L: Pastoral Territory as a Dynamic Coupled System

CNH-L：牧区作为动态耦合系统

• 批准号: 1617185
• 负责人: Joy McCorriston
• 金额: $ 160万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1617185&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Pastoral; Territory; Dynamic; Coupled

This interdisciplinary research project will examine the environmental conditions that lead to human territorial behavior in the pastoral ecosystems as well as how territoriality shapes the environment. The project will provide new insights into whether the dynamics of woodland-grassland-woodland cycling are coupled with pulses in human social behavior. Through their examination of archaeological and paleoecological data, the investigators will provide new insights regarding the degree to which such long-term cycling-and-coupling provides alternative perspectives about human-environmental interaction. The project will challenge paradigm characterizations of a linear history of progressive human degradation of pasture lands by refining and testing a new theoretical model that explains pastoral territoriality as a dynamic coupled system. By focusing attention on the nonlinear dynamics of change and continuity in coupled human and natural systems, the project will provide a new conceptual approach for examining change and continuity in prehistoric societies. Assessment of dynamic, interlocked cycles of human territorial behavior and rangeland ecology have broader implications for development and sustainability of human environments as coupled systems. The project will provide education and training opportunities for graduate, undergraduate, and high school students in the transdisciplinary study of complex social-ecological systems, and it will further collaborations between researchers in the U.S. and the Middle East.Using archaeological, ecological, geochemical, paleoclimate, and botanical methods in fieldwork, the investigators will recover and study proxy data as the material residues from ancient environments and human societies that have been engaged in pastoralism. The research team, which includes researchers from the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Oman, will use agent-based models to examine the interactions of human and natural systems and to test the model of coupled dynamics with data from the field. They will employ an integrative and reiterative research approach, tuning models with data and generating expected patterns from models. They will address a general hypothesis that dynamic feedbacks among pastoralist demography, mobility, territoriality, and processes of succession in past vegetation regimes account for the observed pattern of chronological pulses in building stone territorial markers. Although this project will be based in the narrow plateau pasturelands of southern Oman because that region exhibits 8,000 years of exclusively pastoral economy and a rich archaeological and paleoecological record, project findings will have significant implications for examining interactions between people and pastoral environments over time in the U.S. and elsewhere. This project is supported by the NSF Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems (CNH) Program.

这个跨学科的研究项目将研究导致人类在牧区生态系统中的领土行为的环境条件，以及领土如何塑造环境。 该项目将为林地-草地-林地循环的动态是否与人类社会行为的脉冲相结合提供新的见解。 通过对考古和古生态学数据的研究，研究人员将提供关于这种长期循环和耦合提供关于人类与环境相互作用的替代观点的程度的新见解。 该项目将通过完善和测试一个新的理论模型来挑战人类牧场逐步退化的线性历史的范式特征，该模型将牧场领土解释为一个动态耦合系统。 通过关注人类和自然系统耦合中的变化和连续性的非线性动力学，该项目将为研究史前社会的变化和连续性提供一种新的概念方法。 对人类领土行为和牧场生态的动态、互锁循环进行评估，对作为耦合系统的人类环境的发展和可持续性具有更广泛的影响。 该项目将为研究生、本科生和高中生提供复杂社会生态系统跨学科研究的教育和培训机会，并将进一步加强美国和中东研究人员之间的合作。在野外工作中使用考古学、生态学、地球化学、古气候和植物学方法，调查人员将恢复和研究作为古代环境和人类社会从事畜牧业的物质残留物的代用数据。 该研究小组包括来自美国，英国，德国和阿曼的研究人员，将使用基于代理的模型来研究人类和自然系统的相互作用，并使用现场数据测试耦合动力学模型。 他们将采用综合和迭代的研究方法，用数据调整模型，并从模型中生成预期的模式。 他们将解决一个普遍的假设，牧民人口，流动性，领土和继承过程中的动态反馈，在过去的植被制度占所观察到的模式的时间脉冲在建筑石领土标记。 虽然该项目将以阿曼南部狭窄的高原牧场为基础，因为该地区拥有8,000年的纯畜牧经济和丰富的考古和古生态记录，但项目发现将对研究美国和其他地方随着时间的推移人与畜牧环境之间的相互作用产生重大影响。 该项目由NSF耦合自然和人类系统动力学（CNH）计划支持。

项目成果

Livestock browsing affects the species composition and structure of cloud forest in the Dhofar Mountains of Oman

• DOI: 10.1111/avsc.12493
• 发表时间: 2020-04-29
• 期刊: APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Ball, Lawrence;Tzanopoulos, Joseph
• 通讯作者: Tzanopoulos, Joseph

Interplay between topography, fog and vegetation in the central South Arabian mountains revealed using a novel Landsat fog detection technique

使用新颖的陆地卫星雾探测技术揭示了南阿拉伯山脉中部地形、雾和植被之间的相互作用

• DOI: 10.1002/rse2.151
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Ball, Lawrence;Tzanopoulos, Joseph;Pettorelli, ed., Nathalie;Kuemmerle, ed., Tobias
• 通讯作者: Kuemmerle, ed., Tobias

Contemporary Pastoralism in the Dhofar Mountains of Oman

阿曼佐法尔山脉的当代畜牧业

• DOI: 10.1007/s10745-020-00153-5
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Human Ecology
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Ball, Lawrence;MacMillan, Douglas;Tzanopoulos, Joseph;Spalton, Andrew;Al Hikmani, Hadi;Moritz, Mark
• 通讯作者: Moritz, Mark