EAGER: Novel techniques for the selective collection and separation of highly-oxidized organic compounds through the application of CO2-triggered "switchable" polarity surfaces

EAGER：通过应用二氧化碳触发的“可切换”极性表面选择性收集和分离高度氧化的有机化合物的新技术

• 批准号: 1622389
• 负责人: Drew Gentner
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-15 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1622389&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Novel; techniques; selective; collection

1622389Gentner, DrewThis proposal addresses an important aspect of the chemistry of air pollutants. The research will develop novel tools and methods that overcome present analytical barriers. The principal investigator (PI) will develop new technologies to address future problems related to the environment or other challenges relevant to society. This proposal has clear broad impacts on society and well-being via addressing the environmental health risk of air pollution.The primary objective of this proposal is to demonstrate the efficacy of "switchable" polarity materials for the collection and/or chromatographic separation of the most elusive components of the atmosphere that have high polarity and hydrophilicity due to their highly oxidized state. The PI will explore and evaluate methods that use switchable surfaces to alter the polarity of sample collection media and/or sample analysis with changes in the stationary phase of gas or liquid chromatography systems. The polarity of switchable materials is increased via reversible reactions with added carbon dioxide (CO2). Subsequent purging with an inert gas or solvent removes the CO2 and returns the material to its low-polarity precursor. This provides a novel and potentially transformative way to selectively collect/separate polar chemical species that are thermally-degraded or lost in other analytical instrumentation. The techniques proposed would seed a new generation of chromatography methods (with Liquid and Gas Chromatography) where the polarity of the stationary phase can be changed rather than the mobile phase, opening new avenues of analysis and potentially reducing solvent needs. There are many applications to gas- and aerosol-phase compounds relevant to the atmosphere, but also to other laboratory methods where polar analytes require collection/separation from a fluid or chromatographic separation without solvents. This includes novel air sampling inlets of minimal size with coupled collection and separation of polar compounds on the same device. There is also the potential for sampling systems that are directly applicable to the study of water-soluble compounds and their aqueous chemistry in the atmosphere. The results of these methods will seed a new understanding of atmospheric oxidation chemistry that will improve models and enable comprehensive air quality management plans. The anticipated results will aid in sustainability science by providing new usable knowledge to model future air quality, formulate policy, and inform the public. The proposal also contributes to training and career development for a postdoctoral scholar. The results will be quickly disseminated to the public via a potential high-impact journal publication and publically available papers and information on the group website.

1622389 Gentner，Drew这一提议涉及空气污染物化学的一个重要方面。该研究将开发新的工具和方法，克服目前的分析障碍。主要研究者（PI）将开发新技术，以解决未来与环境相关的问题或与社会相关的其他挑战。该提案通过解决空气污染的环境健康风险对社会和福祉产生了明显的广泛影响。该提案的主要目标是证明“可切换”极性材料用于收集和/或色谱分离大气中最难以捉摸的组分的功效，这些组分由于其高度氧化状态而具有高极性和亲水性。PI将探索和评估使用可切换表面来改变样品收集介质极性和/或样品分析的方法，同时改变气相或液相色谱系统的固定相。可转换材料的极性通过与添加的二氧化碳（CO2）的可逆反应而增加。随后用惰性气体或溶剂进行吹扫，去除CO2，并使材料返回其低极性前体。这提供了一种新的和潜在的变革性的方式来选择性地收集/分离在其他分析仪器中热降解或丢失的极性化学物质。所提出的技术将为新一代色谱法（液相和气相色谱法）提供种子，其中固定相的极性可以改变，而不是移动的相，开辟了新的分析途径，并可能减少溶剂需求。有许多应用与大气相关的气相和气溶胶相化合物，但也有其他实验室方法，其中极性分析物需要从流体中收集/分离或色谱分离而无需溶剂。这包括最小尺寸的新型空气采样入口，以及在同一设备上耦合收集和分离极性化合物。还有可能建立直接适用于研究水溶性化合物及其在大气中的水化学性质的取样系统。这些方法的结果将为大气氧化化学提供新的理解，从而改进模型并实现全面的空气质量管理计划。预期的结果将通过提供新的可用知识来模拟未来的空气质量，制定政策并告知公众，从而有助于可持续发展科学。该提案还有助于博士后学者的培训和职业发展。研究结果将通过可能的高影响力期刊出版物和小组网站上的可供查阅的论文和信息迅速向公众传播。