Collaborative Research: Measuring Carbon and Climate Tracers on the Atom Airborne Campaigns

该项目是一项合作努力，支持部署两个成套仪器，作为ATOM运动的一部分。Atom的目标是使用飞机测量，制作气溶胶、活性气体和短期气候诱因的全球分布的“断层”类型地图。美国国家科学基金会支持的河马运动此前证明了在原子任务设计中使用断层扫描采样的可行性和优势。除了对短期气候强迫因素的研究外，该项目还包括全球范围的测量，这些测量可以促进碳和气候科学的其他基本方面，例如了解碳汇的分布以及海洋生物化学、碳循环和气候变化之间的联系。NASA支持的ATOM项目包括四个部署，以绘制所有季节的分布图。将部署的成套仪器包括机载氧气仪器(AO2)，它提供对大气O2和CO2浓度的快速现场测量，以及一个烧瓶采样器，它收集样品用于分析O2/N2、CO2浓度、CO2同位素和Ar/N2。通过将这些测量与大尺度大气传输模式相结合，获得了对相应的海-气热量、O2和CO2通量的直接约束。大气氧气测量可以揭示半球季节性海洋氧气放气和吸气信号的垂直和纬度范围，并在季节周期中的足够时间定义空间梯度，以得出气候学的年平均分布。

This project is a collaborative effort that supports the deployment of two instrument packages as part of the ATom campaign. The objective of ATom is to make "tomographic" type maps of the global distribution of aerosols, reactive gases, and short-lived climate forcing agents using aircraft measurements. The NSF-supported HIPPO campaign previously demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of the tomographic sampling used in the design of the ATom mission. In addition to the study of short-lived climate forcing agents, this project includes global-scale measurements that can advance other fundamental aspects of carbon and climate science, such as understanding the distribution of carbon sinks and the links between ocean biochemistry, carbon cycling, and climate change. The NASA-supported ATom project consists of four deployments in order to map distributions in all seasons. The instrument packages to be deployed include the Airborne Oxygen Instrument (AO2), which provides rapid in situ measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations, and a flask sampler that collects samples for analysis of O2/N2, CO2 concentration, CO2 isotopes and Ar/N2. By combining these measurements with large-scale atmospheric transport models, direct constraints on the corresponding air-sea fluxes of heat, O2, and CO2 are obtained. Atmospheric O2 measurements can reveal the vertical and latitudinal extent of hemispheric seasonal ocean O2 outgassing and in-gassing signals and define spatial gradients at enough times in the seasonal cycle to derive climatological annual-mean distributions.