Collaborative Research: Measuring Carbon and Climate Tracers on the Atom Airborne Campaigns

该项目是一项协作工作，支持作为ATom活动一部分的两个仪器包的部署。ATom的目标是利用飞机测量，绘制气溶胶、活性气体和短期气候强迫因子的全球分布图。美国国家科学基金会（nsf）支持的HIPPO项目先前展示了ATom任务设计中使用的层析成像采样的可行性和优势。除了对短期气候强迫因子的研究外，该项目还包括全球尺度的测量，这些测量可以推进碳和气候科学的其他基本方面，例如了解碳汇的分布以及海洋生物化学、碳循环和气候变化之间的联系。nasa支持的ATom项目包括四个部署，以便映射所有季节的分布。将部署的仪器包包括机载氧气仪（AO2），它提供大气中O2和CO2浓度的快速原位测量，以及一个烧瓶采样器，用于收集样品以分析O2/N2， CO2浓度，CO2同位素和Ar/N2。通过将这些测量结果与大尺度大气输送模式相结合，得到了相应的热、O2和CO2的海气通量的直接约束条件。大气O2测量可以揭示半球季节性海洋O2出气和入气信号的垂直和纬度范围，并在季节周期中确定足够时间的空间梯度，从而得出气候年平均分布。

This project is a collaborative effort that supports the deployment of two instrument packages as part of the ATom campaign. The objective of ATom is to make "tomographic" type maps of the global distribution of aerosols, reactive gases, and short-lived climate forcing agents using aircraft measurements. The NSF-supported HIPPO campaign previously demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of the tomographic sampling used in the design of the ATom mission. In addition to the study of short-lived climate forcing agents, this project includes global-scale measurements that can advance other fundamental aspects of carbon and climate science, such as understanding the distribution of carbon sinks and the links between ocean biochemistry, carbon cycling, and climate change. The NASA-supported ATom project consists of four deployments in order to map distributions in all seasons. The instrument packages to be deployed include the Airborne Oxygen Instrument (AO2), which provides rapid in situ measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations, and a flask sampler that collects samples for analysis of O2/N2, CO2 concentration, CO2 isotopes and Ar/N2. By combining these measurements with large-scale atmospheric transport models, direct constraints on the corresponding air-sea fluxes of heat, O2, and CO2 are obtained. Atmospheric O2 measurements can reveal the vertical and latitudinal extent of hemispheric seasonal ocean O2 outgassing and in-gassing signals and define spatial gradients at enough times in the seasonal cycle to derive climatological annual-mean distributions.