Collaborative Research: HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) of Carbon Cycle and Greenhouse Gases

确定温室气体增加和分布的特征是大气组成和气候界的首要科学目标。HIAPER极地至极地观测(HIPPO)计划将通过整个对流层深度的垂直剖面提供全球经圈覆盖，从而能够关闭和反演关键温室气体(例如二氧化碳、二氧化碳、一氧化碳和甲烷、CH4)以及相关的长期示踪剂和比率(例如氧气/氮比、O2/氮气)的全球预算。这套化学测量，从北纬80度到S 70度，每隔大约6个月重复一次，将提供一个独特而明确的数据集，用于碳循环气体的反演和其他全球模拟分析。观察到的温室气体半球浓度梯度对我们预测人为碳气体排放的命运至关重要。以前用于推断二氧化碳地表通量、源和汇的化学输送模拟研究通常局限于使用边界层二氧化碳浓度。因此，实地实验将利用最近通过使用HIAPER G-V飞机平台向大气科学界提供的变革能力。这项工作由国家科学基金会地球系统碳和水征集项目支持，这是地球科学局提供的跨学科资助机会。

The need to characterize the increase and distribution of greenhouse gases is a first order scientific goal of the atmospheric composition and climate communities. The HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) program will provide global, meridional coverage, via vertical profiles throughout the depth of the troposphere enabling closure and inversion of global budgets of critical greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide, CO2; carbon monoxide, CO; and methane, CH4), and related long-lived tracers and ratios (e.g. the oxygen/nitrogen ratio, O2/N2). This suite of chemical measurements, made from 80 N to 70 S, and repeated over approximately six monthly intervals, will provide a unique and definitive data set, to be used in inversion and other global modeling analyses of carbon cycle gases.Observed gradients in the hemispheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are critical to our ability to predict the fate of anthropogenic emissions of carbon gases. Previous chemical transport modeling studies used to infer CO2 surface fluxes, sources and sinks have been generally constrained to using boundary layer CO2 concentrations. The field experiments will thus take advantage of transformative capabilities newly available to the atmospheric science community provided by the use of the HIAPER G-V aircraft platform.This work is supported under the NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth System solicitation, an interdisciplinary funding opportunity from the Directorate of Geosciences.