EAGER: Effects of Environmental Contaminants on the Lignocellulosic Biomass in Switchgrass Plants

EAGER：环境污染物对柳枝稷植物木质纤维素生物量的影响

• 批准号: 1624331
• 负责人: Benoit Van Aken
• 金额: $ 9.98万
• 依托单位: Temple University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1624331&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Effects; Environmental; Contaminants; Lignocellulosic

1624331Van AkenGrowing bioenergy feedstock plants on contaminated land for the combined benefit of bioenergy production and land bioremediation is an attractive strategy which has the potential to increase the cost-efficiency of plant-based biofuel. Production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, second generation bioethanol, is currently considered one of the most sustainable options for reducing dependency on fossil fuel and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, while limiting competition with land for food production. The plant selected for this study is the lignocellulosic feedstock species, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), which is a model plant to study the production of second-generation bioethanol. The overall objective of the proposed research is to determine the physiological and molecular effects of the phytotoxic antibiotic, chlortetracycline, on the biomass productivity and digestibility in the lignocellulosic plant, switchgrass. The contaminant that will be tested is the model emerging contaminant, chlortetracycline, which is known to exert toxic effects toward most plant species. The proposed research involves the two following specific aims: 1. To determine the effects of the phytotoxic emerging contaminant, chlortetracycline, on the biomass productivity, composition, and digestibility in the model lignocellulosic feedstock plant, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). 2. To understand the molecular mechanisms by which chlortetracycline affects the biomass productivity and lignocellulose composition in exposed switchgrass plants. Using a combination of analytical and molecular biology methods, the proposed research will address the following questions: 1. What is the tolerance of switchgrass plants toward the selected contaminant, chlortetracycline? 2. How will chlortetracycline affect switchgrass plants in terms of biomass productivity, lignocellulose digestibility, and bioethanol conversion? 3. What are the genetic and molecular bases underlying the changes in biomass and biomass composition (e.g., lignin) in chlortetracycline-exposed plants? The research team brings complementary expertise in phytotechnology, molecular biology, and spectral analyses to conduct the research. Besides the research objectives outlined above, this project will integrate research and education, at the University and include the participation of high school students.

在受污染的土地上种植生物能源原料工厂，以获得生物能源生产和土地生物修复的综合效益，这是一项有吸引力的战略，有可能提高植物基生物燃料的成本效益。从木质纤维素生物质中生产生物乙醇，即第二代生物乙醇，目前被认为是减少对化石燃料依赖和减少二氧化碳排放的最可持续的选择之一，同时限制了粮食生产与土地的竞争。本研究选择的植物是木质纤维素原料种柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum），它是研究第二代生物乙醇生产的模式植物。拟议研究的总体目标是确定植物毒性抗生素氯四环素对木质纤维素植物柳枝稷的生物量生产力和消化率的生理和分子效应。将被测试的污染物是典型的新兴污染物，氯四环素，已知对大多数植物物种产生毒性作用。本文拟进行的研究包括以下两个具体目的：确定植物毒性新污染物——氯四环素对模型木质纤维素原料植物柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum）的生物量生产力、组成和消化率的影响。2. 了解金四环素影响暴露柳枝稷生物量生产力和木质纤维素组成的分子机制。利用分析和分子生物学方法的结合，提出的研究将解决以下问题：1。柳枝稷对选定的污染物——氯四环素的耐受性是什么？2. 在生物量生产力、木质纤维素消化率和生物乙醇转化方面，金四环素将如何影响柳枝稷植物？3. 暴露于氯四环素的植物中生物量和生物量组成（如木质素）变化的遗传和分子基础是什么？研究团队在植物技术、分子生物学和光谱分析方面具有互补的专业知识来进行研究。除了上述研究目标外，该项目将整合大学的研究和教育，并包括高中生的参与。