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The Effect of Action on Perception and Cognition

行动对感知和认知的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1632222
负责人：
Jessica Witt
金额：
$ 35.46万
依托单位：
Colorado State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1632222&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Effect Action Perception Cognition

项目摘要

Baseball players who are hitting well proclaim that the ball looks as big as a grapefruit. Tennis players in the zone remark that the ball seems to move in slow motion. These examples, both of which have been confirmed in experiments as a psychological reality, suggest that what a person sees may not be the true, physical state of the world but rather can be biased by action. In the case of athletes, such misperceptions may be inherently interesting, but are unlikely to have a major impact on people's lives. In contrast, similar errors in perception by airplane pilots of runway size, drivers of car distances, or doctors of tumor size are quite concerning. Given the important role of vision in daily life and especially as it relates to safety, it is critical to understand the processes underlying this fundamental ability of the mind. The research project is designed to explore when and how people's visual perception is biased by action. In addition, the research project contributes to the education and training of several graduate students and dozens of undergraduate students. These students are also being trained on how to work alongside scientists with opposing views through a process known as adversarial collaboration. Although this kind of work presents its own challenges, the science is likely to benefit from such collaborations.There are many important and nuanced ways that action could give rise to errors in perception. Airport runways could appear smaller when the airline pilot is not performing well, fatigued, or hungry, or when environmental conditions are poor such as high winds or strong rainfall. The research project examines the potential impact on vision of action-related effects due to 1) energetic demands of the task, 2) difficulty of the task, and 3) whether or not a task is even possible. In doing so, the research project will uncover the boundaries for which perception is prone to errors explicitly caused by action. The scientists conducting the research are considering the extent to which any effects are artifacts of the experimental setting, as opposed to genuine effects on perception that would impact how perceivers see the surrounding environment in the real world. This is a critical step for ensuring that the studied effects will have implications for daily life. Indeed, many of the experiments forgo traditional laboratory settings to explore how action influences perception in both real environments and in environments that simulate the real world using virtual reality.

击球好的棒球运动员宣称球看起来像葡萄柚一样大。该区域的网球运动员评论说，球似乎是以慢动作移动的。这两个例子都在实验中被证实为心理现实，表明一个人所看到的可能不是真实的，世界的物理状态，而是可以通过行为产生偏见。就运动员而言，这种误解可能本身就很有趣，但不太可能对人们的生活产生重大影响。相比之下，飞机飞行员对跑道大小、司机对汽车距离或医生对肿瘤大小的感知中的类似错误是相当令人担忧的。鉴于视觉在日常生活中的重要作用，特别是与安全有关，了解这种基本思维能力的过程至关重要。该研究项目旨在探索人们的视觉感知何时以及如何受到行动的影响。此外，该研究项目有助于教育和培训几个研究生和几十个本科生。这些学生还接受培训，学习如何通过一种被称为对抗性合作的过程，与持相反观点的科学家一起工作。虽然这类工作本身也存在挑战，但科学很可能会从这种合作中受益。有许多重要而微妙的方式，行动可能会导致感知错误。当航空公司飞行员表现不佳、疲劳或饥饿时，或者当环境条件恶劣（如大风或强降雨）时，机场跑道可能会显得较小。该研究项目考察了与行动相关的效应对视觉的潜在影响，原因是1）任务的能量需求，2）任务的难度，以及3）任务是否可能。在这样做的过程中，该研究项目将揭示感知容易出现由行动明确引起的错误的边界。进行这项研究的科学家们正在考虑任何影响在多大程度上是实验环境的人工制品，而不是对感知的真正影响，这将影响感知者在真实的世界中如何看待周围环境。这是确保所研究的影响对日常生活产生影响的关键步骤。事实上，许多实验放弃了传统的实验室设置，以探索行为如何影响真实的环境和使用虚拟现实模拟真实的世界的环境中的感知。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（30）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A role for control in an action-specific effect on perception.

在对感知的特定动作影响中的控制作用。

DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000447
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
影响因子：
0
作者：
Witt, Jessica K.
通讯作者：
Witt, Jessica K.

Dynamic ensemble visualizations to support understanding for uncertain trajectories.

动态集成可视化支持对不确定轨迹的理解。

DOI：
10.1037/xap0000370
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied
影响因子：
0
作者：
Witt, Jessica K.;Clegg, Benjamin A.
通讯作者：
Clegg, Benjamin A.

In absence of an explicit judgment, action-specific effects still influence an action measure of perceived speed

在缺乏明确判断的情况下，特定于动作的效果仍然会影响感知速度的动作测量

DOI：
10.1016/j.concog.2018.04.017
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Consciousness and Cognition
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Witt, Jessica K.
通讯作者：
Witt, Jessica K.

To Vaccinate or Not? The Role Played by Uncertainty Communication on Public Understanding and Behavior Regarding COVID-19

DOI：
10.1177/10755470211063628
发表时间：
2021-12-27
期刊：
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION
影响因子：
9
作者：
Kelp, Nicole C.;Witt, Jessica K.;Sivakumar, Gayathri
通讯作者：
Sivakumar, Gayathri

Model of variability estimation: factors influencing human prediction and estimation of variability in continuous information

变异性估计模型：影响人类预测和连续信息变异性估计的因素

DOI：
10.1080/1463922x.2019.1679907
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Wickens, Christopher D.;Clegg, Benjamin A.;Witt, Jessica K.;Smith, C. A.;Herdener, Nathan;Spahr, Kimberly S.
通讯作者：
Spahr, Kimberly S.