Trophic consequences of ocean acidification: Intertidal sea star predators and their grazer prey

海洋酸化的营养后果：潮间带海星捕食者及其食草猎物

基本信息

批准号：
1636191
负责人：
Brian Gaylord
金额：
$ 35.76万
依托单位：
University of California-Davis
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1636191&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Trophic consequences ocean acidification Intertidal

项目摘要

The absorption of human-produced carbon dioxide into the world's oceans is altering the chemistry of seawater, including decreasing its pH. Such changes, collectively called "ocean acidification", are expected to influence numerous types of sea creatures. This project examines how shifts in ocean pH affect animal behavior and thus interactions among species. It uses a case study system that involves sea star predators, snail grazers that they eat, and seaweeds consumed by the latter. The rocky-shore habitats where these organisms live have a long history of attention, and new findings from this work will further extend an already-large body of marine ecological knowledge. The project provides support for graduate and undergraduate students, including underrepresented students from a nearby community college. The project underpins the development of a new educational module for local K-12 schools. Findings will moreover be communicated to the public through the use of short film documentaries, as well as through established relationships with policy, management, and industry groups, and contacts with the media.Ocean acidification is a global-scale perturbation. Most research on the topic, however, has examined effects on single species operating in isolation, leaving interactions among species underexplored. This project confronts this knowledge gap by considering how ocean acidification may shift predator-prey relationships through altered behavior. It targets as a model system sea stars, their gastropod grazer prey, and macoalgae consumed by the latter, via four lines of inquiry. 1) The project examines the functional response of the focal taxa to altered seawater chemistry, using experiments that target up to 16 discrete levels of pH. This experimental design is essential for identifying nonlinearities and tipping points. 2) The project addresses both consumptive and non-consumptive components of direct and indirect species interactions. The capacity of ocean acidification to influence such links is poorly known, and better understanding of this issue is a recognized priority. 3) The project combines controlled laboratory experiments with field trials that exploit tide pools and their unique pH signatures as natural mesocosms. Field tests of ocean acidification effects are relatively rare and are sorely needed. 4) A final research phase expands upon the above three components to address effects of ocean acidification on multiple additional taxa that interact in rocky intertidal systems, to provide a broad database that may have utility for future experiments or modeling.

人类生产的二氧化碳吸收到世界海洋中正在改变海水的化学，包括减少其pH值。这种变化统称为“海洋酸化”，有望影响多种类型的海洋生物。该项目研究了海洋pH中的转变如何影响动物行为，从而如何影响物种之间的相互作用。它使用了一个案例研究系统，其中涉及海星捕食者，他们吃的蜗牛放牧者以及后者消耗的海藻。这些生物生存的岩石近空栖息地具有悠久的关注历史，这项工作的新发现将进一步扩大已经很大的海洋生态知识。该项目为研究生和本科生提供了支持，包括附近社区学院的代表性不足的学生。该项目为当地K-12学校开发了一个新的教育模块。此外，将通过使用短片纪录片以及与政策，管理和行业团体建立的关系以及与媒体的联系，将发现与公众传达。然而，大多数关于该主题的研究都检查了对孤立运行的单个物种的影响，从而使物种之间的相互作用却没有被倍增。该项目通过考虑海洋酸化如何通过改变行为来改变捕食者 - 捕食的关系来面对这一知识差距。它是模型系统的海星，其腹足动物捕食者猎物和后者消耗的澳门型，并通过四条询问。 1）该项目使用靶向多达16个离散水平的pH值的实验研究了局灶性分类单元对改变海水化学的功能响应。这种实验设计对于识别非线性和临界点至关重要。 2）该项目解决了直接和间接物种相互作用的消费和非消费和非消费组成部分。海洋酸化影响这种联系的能力是鲜为人知的，对这个问题的更好理解是公认的优先级。 3）该项目将受控的实验室实验与现场试验相结合，这些实验试验利用潮汐池及其独特的pH签名作为天然中兆。海洋酸化作用的现场测试相对较少，非常需要。 4）最终的研究阶段扩展了上述三个组件，以解决海洋酸化对岩石间潮间带相互作用的多个其他类群的影响，以提供一个广泛的数据库，该数据库可能具有未来的实验或建模的实用性。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Mechanisms Involving Sensory Pathway Steps Inform Impacts of Global Climate Change on Ecological Processes

DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00346
发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
Frontiers in Marine Science
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
E. Rivest;Brittany M. Jellison;Gabriel Ng;Erin V. Satterthwaite;Hannah L. Bradley;Susan L. Williams;B. Gaylord
通讯作者：
E. Rivest;Brittany M. Jellison;Gabriel Ng;Erin V. Satterthwaite;Hannah L. Bradley;Susan L. Williams;B. Gaylord

Shifts in seawater chemistry disrupt trophic links within a simple shoreline food web

DOI：
10.1007/s00442-019-04459-0
发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
OECOLOGIA
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Jellison, Brittany M.;Gaylord, Brian
通讯作者：
Gaylord, Brian

Plastic responses of bryozoans to ocean acidification

苔藓虫对海洋酸化的塑性反应

DOI：
10.1242/jeb.163436
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
The Journal of Experimental Biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Swezey, Daniel S.;Bean, Jessica R.;Hill, Tessa M.;Gaylord, Brian;Ninokawa, Aaron T.;Sanford, Eric
通讯作者：
Sanford, Eric

Interactive effects of temperature, food and skeletal mineralogy mediate biological responses to ocean acidification in a widely distributed bryozoan

温度、食物和骨骼矿物学的相互作用影响广泛分布的苔藓虫对海洋酸化的生物反应

DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2016.2349
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Swezey, Daniel S.;Bean, Jessica R.;Ninokawa, Aaron T.;Hill, Tessa M.;Gaylord, Brian;Sanford, Eric
通讯作者：
Sanford, Eric

Ocean acidification alters the response of intertidal snails to a key sea star predator