权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Trophic consequences of ocean acidification: Intertidal sea star predators and their grazer prey

海洋酸化的营养后果：潮间带海星捕食者及其食草猎物

基本信息

批准号：
1636191
负责人：
Brian Gaylord
金额：
$ 35.76万
依托单位：
University of California-Davis
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1636191&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Trophic consequences ocean acidification Intertidal

项目摘要

The absorption of human-produced carbon dioxide into the world's oceans is altering the chemistry of seawater, including decreasing its pH. Such changes, collectively called "ocean acidification", are expected to influence numerous types of sea creatures. This project examines how shifts in ocean pH affect animal behavior and thus interactions among species. It uses a case study system that involves sea star predators, snail grazers that they eat, and seaweeds consumed by the latter. The rocky-shore habitats where these organisms live have a long history of attention, and new findings from this work will further extend an already-large body of marine ecological knowledge. The project provides support for graduate and undergraduate students, including underrepresented students from a nearby community college. The project underpins the development of a new educational module for local K-12 schools. Findings will moreover be communicated to the public through the use of short film documentaries, as well as through established relationships with policy, management, and industry groups, and contacts with the media.Ocean acidification is a global-scale perturbation. Most research on the topic, however, has examined effects on single species operating in isolation, leaving interactions among species underexplored. This project confronts this knowledge gap by considering how ocean acidification may shift predator-prey relationships through altered behavior. It targets as a model system sea stars, their gastropod grazer prey, and macoalgae consumed by the latter, via four lines of inquiry. 1) The project examines the functional response of the focal taxa to altered seawater chemistry, using experiments that target up to 16 discrete levels of pH. This experimental design is essential for identifying nonlinearities and tipping points. 2) The project addresses both consumptive and non-consumptive components of direct and indirect species interactions. The capacity of ocean acidification to influence such links is poorly known, and better understanding of this issue is a recognized priority. 3) The project combines controlled laboratory experiments with field trials that exploit tide pools and their unique pH signatures as natural mesocosms. Field tests of ocean acidification effects are relatively rare and are sorely needed. 4) A final research phase expands upon the above three components to address effects of ocean acidification on multiple additional taxa that interact in rocky intertidal systems, to provide a broad database that may have utility for future experiments or modeling.

人类产生的二氧化碳被世界海洋吸收，正在改变海水的化学性质，包括降低其pH值。这种变化统称为“海洋酸化”，预计将影响多种海洋生物。该项目研究了海洋pH值的变化如何影响动物行为，从而影响物种之间的相互作用。它使用了一个案例研究系统，涉及海洋星星捕食者，蜗牛食草动物，他们吃，海藻消耗后者。这些生物生活的岩石海岸栖息地有着悠久的关注历史，这项工作的新发现将进一步扩展已经很大的海洋生态知识。该项目为研究生和本科生提供支持，包括来自附近社区学院的代表性不足的学生。该项目支持为当地K-12学校开发新的教育模块。此外，还将通过使用纪录短片，以及通过与政策、管理和工业团体建立的关系和与媒体的接触，向公众宣传调查结果。然而，关于这一主题的大多数研究都研究了对孤立运作的单个物种的影响，而对物种之间的相互作用研究不足。该项目通过考虑海洋酸化如何通过改变行为改变捕食者-猎物关系来应对这一知识缺口。它的目标作为一个模型系统海星，他们的腹足类食草动物的猎物，和macoalgae消耗后者，通过四条调查线。1)该项目研究的焦点类群改变海水化学的功能反应，使用实验，目标高达16个离散水平的pH值。这个实验设计是必不可少的非线性和临界点识别。2)该项目涉及直接和间接物种相互作用的消耗性和非消耗性成分。人们对海洋酸化影响这些联系的能力知之甚少，更好地了解这一问题是公认的优先事项。3)该项目将受控实验室实验与实地试验相结合，利用潮汐池及其独特的pH值特征作为自然围隔生态系统。对海洋酸化影响的实地测试相对较少，而且非常需要。4)最后一个研究阶段扩大了上述三个组成部分，以解决海洋酸化对多个额外的类群，在岩石潮间带系统相互作用的影响，提供一个广泛的数据库，可能有实用程序为未来的实验或建模。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Mechanisms Involving Sensory Pathway Steps Inform Impacts of Global Climate Change on Ecological Processes

DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00346
发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
Frontiers in Marine Science
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
E. Rivest;Brittany M. Jellison;Gabriel Ng;Erin V. Satterthwaite;Hannah L. Bradley;Susan L. Williams;B. Gaylord
通讯作者：
E. Rivest;Brittany M. Jellison;Gabriel Ng;Erin V. Satterthwaite;Hannah L. Bradley;Susan L. Williams;B. Gaylord

Shifts in seawater chemistry disrupt trophic links within a simple shoreline food web

DOI：
10.1007/s00442-019-04459-0
发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
OECOLOGIA
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Jellison, Brittany M.;Gaylord, Brian
通讯作者：
Gaylord, Brian

Plastic responses of bryozoans to ocean acidification

苔藓虫对海洋酸化的塑性反应

DOI：
10.1242/jeb.163436
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
The Journal of Experimental Biology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Swezey, Daniel S.;Bean, Jessica R.;Hill, Tessa M.;Gaylord, Brian;Ninokawa, Aaron T.;Sanford, Eric
通讯作者：
Sanford, Eric

Interactive effects of temperature, food and skeletal mineralogy mediate biological responses to ocean acidification in a widely distributed bryozoan

温度、食物和骨骼矿物学的相互作用影响广泛分布的苔藓虫对海洋酸化的生物反应

DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2016.2349
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Swezey, Daniel S.;Bean, Jessica R.;Ninokawa, Aaron T.;Hill, Tessa M.;Gaylord, Brian;Sanford, Eric
通讯作者：
Sanford, Eric

Ocean acidification alters the response of intertidal snails to a key sea star predator