Meeting: Reconciling Methodological Discrepancies in the Measurement of Hydraulic Vulnerability to Embolism: August 13-21, 2016 Berkeley, CA & August 6-11, 2017 Portland, OR

会议：协调液压栓塞脆弱性测量的方法差异：2016 年 8 月 13 日至 21 日加利福尼亚州伯克利

• 批准号: 1637194
• 负责人: Daniel Johnson
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-15 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1637194&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Meeting; Reconciling; Methodological; Discrepancies; Measurement

This workshop addresses a pressing and fundamental topic in plant hydraulics, how we accurately measure hydraulic vulnerability to embolism. The field of plant hydraulics has become increasingly invoked to link plant functioning with changes in climate and plant hydraulics data is critical for improving process-based models of plant and ecosystem responses to climate change. The current discrepancies are not trivial and have hindered plant hydraulics through declined manuscripts, unsubmitted or unfunded grant proposals, and an avoidance of groundbreaking research that utilizes plant hydraulic measurements. Most importantly, this workshop will allow the interpretation of future studies to not be mired in debate about methodology but instead be considered for their scientific value to the discipline. In addition to advancing scientific methodology, this workshop will train up to 5 postdoctoral researchers and 8 students (graduate and undergraduate) in the best practices for five frequently used methods to measure plant hydraulics thus improving future scientific outputs that involve plant hydraulic measurements. Additionally, this workshop will allow for collaboration of researchers who come from many diverse backgrounds, including at least 9 women and individuals from five different countries. Plant hydraulics, the study of how plants move and manage water, has become an invaluable realm of science that has been invoked to address critical questions across spatial scales and biological disciplines. Particularly, advances in methodologies that allow scientists to efficiently derive hydraulic vulnerability curves in the laboratory have greatly advanced our understanding of plant functioning. Despite these methodological advances, several recent publications (e.g. Choat et al. 2010, Cochard et al. 2013, Jansen et al. 2015) have suggested that some of the most commonly used measurement methods give varying results, and thus the discipline is currently challenged with reconciling these differences. Due to these conflicting reports about methodologies, the scientific community is at an opportunistic moment to advance past these challenges by addressing all current methodologies in a focused and inclusive study. This workshop will use five methods to develop vulnerability curves on species that span wood anatomy and include species that have previously shown varying results depending on the method used. This methodology will allow for resolution of the influence of anatomical differences on discrepancies across the four methods requiring excised plant material and link these results to imaging of live plants using high-resolution computed tomography (HRC. Specifically this workshop will develop hydraulic vulnerability curves using bench dehydration, air injection, static centrifuge, and acoustic emission coupled with HRCT imaging on intact plant samples of four species to come to a consensus about these discrepancies and best practices for future research methods.

本次研讨会讨论了工厂水力学中一个紧迫而基本的主题，即如何准确测量栓塞的水力脆弱性。植物水力学领域已越来越多地被调用，以连接植物功能与气候变化和植物水力学数据是至关重要的，以改善基于过程的模型的植物和生态系统对气候变化的反应。目前的差异并不是微不足道的，并且通过拒绝手稿，未提交或未资助的赠款提案以及避免利用工厂水力测量的开创性研究来阻碍工厂水力学。最重要的是，这次研讨会将使未来研究的解释不会陷入关于方法论的争论，而是考虑其对学科的科学价值。除了推进科学方法之外，该研讨会还将培训多达5名博士后研究人员和8名学生（研究生和本科生），了解五种常用方法的最佳实践，以测量工厂水力学，从而提高未来涉及工厂水力测量的科学产出。此外，该研讨会将允许来自许多不同背景的研究人员进行合作，其中包括来自五个不同国家的至少9名妇女和个人。植物水力学，研究植物如何移动和管理水，已成为一个宝贵的科学领域，已被用来解决跨空间尺度和生物学科的关键问题。特别是，方法的进步，使科学家能够有效地在实验室中获得水力脆弱性曲线，大大提高了我们对植物功能的理解。尽管有这些方法上的进步，但最近的几篇出版物（例如Choat et al. 2010，Cochard et al. 2013，Jansen et al. 2015）表明，一些最常用的测量方法给出了不同的结果，因此该学科目前面临着调和这些差异的挑战。由于这些关于方法论的相互矛盾的报告，科学界正处于一个机会主义的时刻，通过在一项有针对性和包容性的研究中解决所有当前的方法论来克服这些挑战。本次研讨会将使用五种方法来绘制跨越木材解剖学的物种脆弱性曲线，并包括先前根据所使用的方法显示出不同结果的物种。这种方法将允许分辨率的解剖差异的影响，在四种方法之间的差异，需要切除的植物材料和链接这些结果的成像活植物使用高分辨率计算机断层扫描（HRC）。 具体而言，本次研讨会将开发水力脆弱性曲线使用台脱水，空气注入，静态离心机，声发射再加上HRCT成像的四个物种的完整植物样本来达成共识，这些差异和未来的研究方法的最佳实践。