RAPID: Preserving the endangered Cayo Santiago skeletal collection for studies linking genetics, behavior and morphology

RAPID：保存濒临灭绝的圣地亚哥岛骨骼收藏，用于遗传学、行为和形态学联系的研究

• 批准号: 1648676
• 负责人: Susan Anton
• 金额: $ 5.29万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1648676&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Preserving; endangered; Cayo; Santiago

The Cayo Santiago rhesus macaque field site in Puerto Rico has served as an unparalleled source of genetic, behavioral, and anatomical data for over 75 years, and the associated skeletal collection is a valuable resource for developing models to infer aspects of human and primate evolution from the fossil record. This RAPID award supports the most urgent aspects of saving and continuing the Cayo Santiago collection. A substantial portion of the collection will move to New York University (NYU) where it will be available to scientific researchers in biological anthropology and other disciplines for studies linking behavioral, genetic and soft tissue anatomical traits of living organisms to features of their skeletons. In addition to serving as an exemplary research resource, the collection will increase public access to science through on-campus K-12 student programs, classroom site visits, teacher training, public lectures, and virtual resources. The project directly enhances representation of scholars traditionally underrepresented in STEM through undergraduate and graduate student internship opportunities. This project is supported with NSF Public Access funds. Primate populations of precise known lineage (pedigree) are rare, and the Cayo Santiago macaques are unique in being free-ranging populations with a long documented history and rich behavioral, genetic and anatomical research programs. This award supports the establishment of a NYU-based branch of the Cayo Santiago skeletal collection, formed from rhesus macaque skeletons (Macaca mulatta) that cannot be accommodated in the existing collection and by skeletonization of cadavers currently in cold storage; both sets of remains are in danger of losing the individual identifiers that make them such important research resources for human evolutionary studies. Preserving their remains and connecting them with the rich database of biological and behavioral attributes collected during their lifetimes is a key foundation for future research. The CPRC-NYU skeletonization process will privilege methods that yield the greatest integrity to bone micro-structure, DNA content, and isotopic values. The collection can be used to address several key research questions in biological anthropology related to how environment and heredity shape aspects of the skeleton, and how preference for particular kinds of mates shapes the skeleton of each sex, as well as allowing unlimited future research opportunities. The results lay the foundation for understanding human evolution.

75年来，波多黎各的卡约圣地亚哥恒河猴野外遗址一直是遗传、行为和解剖学数据的无与伦比的来源，相关的骨骼收集对于开发从化石记录推断人类和灵长类进化方面的模型来说是一个宝贵的资源。这一快速奖项支持拯救和继续卡约圣地亚哥藏品的最紧迫的方面。藏品的很大一部分将转移到纽约大学(NYU)，供生物人类学和其他学科的科学研究人员使用，以研究活着有机体的行为、遗传和软组织解剖学特征与其骨骼特征之间的联系。除了作为一个典范的研究资源，这些收藏还将通过校园K-12学生项目、课堂现场访问、教师培训、公共讲座和虚拟资源增加公众接触科学的机会。该项目通过本科生和研究生的实习机会，直接提高了传统上在STEM中任职人数不足的学者的代表性。该项目得到了美国国家科学基金会公共接入基金的支持。具有确切已知谱系(谱系)的灵长类种群很少见，而卡约圣地亚哥猕猴的独特之处在于它们是自由放养的种群，具有悠久的有记录的历史和丰富的行为、遗传和解剖学研究程序。该奖项支持建立一个位于纽约大学的卡约圣地亚哥骨骼收藏分部，该收藏由现有收藏中无法容纳的恒河猴骨骼(Macaca Mulatta)和目前冷藏的身体骨骼组成；这两套遗骸都有失去个人身份的危险，这些身份使它们成为人类进化研究的重要研究资源。保存它们的遗骸，并将它们与在其有生之年收集的丰富的生物和行为属性数据库联系起来，是未来研究的关键基础。CPRC-NYU骨架化过程将获得对骨骼微观结构、DNA含量和同位素值产生最大完整性的方法的特权。这些藏品可以用来解决生物人类学中的几个关键研究问题，这些问题涉及环境和遗传如何塑造骨骼的各个方面，以及对特定类型配偶的偏好如何塑造每种性别的骨骼，以及允许无限的未来研究机会。这些结果为理解人类进化奠定了基础。