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Collaborative Research: Inside Phonological Learning

合作研究：语音学习内部

基本信息

批准号：
1650957
负责人：
Joseph Pater
金额：
$ 37.84万
依托单位：
University of Massachusetts Amherst
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2023-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1650957&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Inside Phonological Learning

项目摘要

One of the core issues in linguistics is how language is acquired. Do people learn a language the way a bird learns its song, using special-purpose brain mechanisms? Or do they learn it the way they learn chess, using general-purpose intelligence? The answer to this question is crucial for understanding how people learn a first or second language, how language learning is connected to other kinds of learning, how the brain stores its knowledge of language, and how humans evolved the capacity for language. The answer might even be different for different aspects of language, such as sounds vs. vocabulary vs. sentence structure. It is especially important for understanding why language is not always learned successfully, either by children acquiring their first language, or adults learning a second language. At a broad level, understanding how to improve language learning has positive impacts for a society--improved cultural diplomacy, economic growth, increased communication in an immigrant nation--and for individuals--personal fulfillment and cognitive benefits associated with language study.Studies of general-purpose intelligence have identified two separate learning systems which approximately correspond to "reasoning" and "intuition". They are activated by different kinds of learning situation, cause different electrical activity in the brain, and are good at learning patterns with different structures. It is not known how these two systems are involved in language acquisition. This project asks how reasoning and intuition are involved in the second-language acquisition of the "sound pattern of a language--that is, how sounds combine to form larger units like syllables and words. The project also asks whether certain patterns are easier to learn either due to their structure or content. The researchers will teach people invented languages whose properties can be manipulated, and measure both learning performance and the brain's electrical response to ask whether the language learners show the characteristic signatures of reasoning and intuition found in learning non-linguistic patterns, or whether different mechanisms are being used. The results will illuminate factors that affect the success of language learning. To foster robust and reliable science in the area of language learning, the investigators will disseminate, for each of the project's experiments, "replication kits" that will include all stimulus files, instructions for setting up the experiments on the user's computer, and software scripts for running the experiments and for data analysis.

语言学的核心问题之一是语言是如何习得的。人类学习语言的方式就像鸟儿学习歌声一样，使用特殊用途的大脑机制吗？或者他们学习它的方式，他们学习国际象棋，使用通用智能？这个问题的答案对于理解人们如何学习第一或第二语言，语言学习如何与其他类型的学习联系起来，大脑如何存储语言知识以及人类如何进化语言能力至关重要。答案甚至可能因语言的不同方面而不同，例如声音、词汇和句子结构。这对于理解为什么语言并不总是成功地学习，无论是儿童学习第一语言，还是成人学习第二语言，都特别重要。在广泛的层面上，了解如何提高语言学习对社会有积极的影响-改善文化外交，经济增长，增加移民国家的交流-对个人有积极的影响-个人成就感和与语言学习相关的认知益处。通用智能的研究已经确定了两个独立的学习系统，大致对应于“推理”和“直觉”。它们被不同的学习情境激活，引起不同的脑电活动，并擅长学习不同结构的模式。目前还不清楚这两个系统如何参与语言习得。这个项目探讨了推理和直觉是如何参与第二语言习得的“一种语言的声音模式--也就是说，声音是如何联合收割机形成更大的单位，如音节和单词的。该项目还询问某些模式是否由于其结构或内容而更容易学习。研究人员将教人们发明的语言，其属性可以被操纵，并测量学习性能和大脑的电反应，以询问语言学习者是否表现出学习非语言模式时发现的推理和直觉的特征，或者是否使用了不同的机制。结果将阐明影响语言学习成功的因素。为了促进语言学习领域的强大和可靠的科学，研究人员将为每个项目的实验分发“复制工具包”，其中包括所有刺激文件，在用户计算机上设置实验的说明，以及运行实验和数据分析的软件脚本。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Typological gaps in iambic nonfinality correlate with learning difficulty

抑扬格非终结性的类型差距与学习难度相关

DOI：
10.3765/amp.v9i0.5175
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Pater, Joe;Prickett, Brandon
通讯作者：
Prickett, Brandon

A comparative analysis of melodic rhythm in two corpora of American popular music

美国流行音乐两个语料库旋律节奏的比较分析

DOI：
10.1080/17459737.2022.2075946
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Journal of Mathematics and Music
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
White, Christopher William;Pater, Joe;Breen, Mara
通讯作者：
Breen, Mara

Learning Repetition, but not Syllable Reversal

学习重复，但不学习音节反转

DOI：
10.3765/amp.v9i0.4912
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Moreton, Elliott;Prickett, Brandon;Pertsova, Katya;Fennell, Josh;Pater, Joe;Sanders, Lisa
通讯作者：
Sanders, Lisa

Violations of Lab-Learned Phonological Patterns Elicit a Late Positive Component