CAREER: Bridging Geometric Design and Aerodynamic Simulation of Turbomachinery: An Integrative Design-Through-Analysis Framework Enabled by Embedded Domain Methods

从计算机辅助几何设计向基于物理的计算机模拟的转变需要几何处理和网格生成程序，这往往构成创建快速设计通过分析的工作流的重大障碍。教师早期职业发展(Career)计划的这个项目的目标是通过开发能够实现无缝集成和自动化的新的计算方法来消除这些障碍。透平机械是一项关键的能源技术，例如用于电力生产和航空运输。该项目中设想的新的通过分析设计的方法旨在从根本上促进基于模拟的叶轮机械设计和优化。这些可以导致设计程序的重大改进，以服务于国家利益，促进国家繁荣，并使非传统透平机械设计能够提高可持续性和能源效率。该项目的成果还促进了计算科学的进步，特别是通过对当前推动非定常全轮模拟的方法进步作出重大贡献。该项目包括一个教育部分，将新的夏令营与为高中生和本科生提供的研究实习机会结合起来。它提供了激励K-12和本科生经历的机会，激励参与者参加工程方面的高级学位课程，特别强调少数族裔和代表性不足的群体。这将直接加强明尼苏达大学STEM推广的基础设施，并有助于培养和保持训练有素的STEM劳动力，这对美国相关行业未来的竞争力非常重要。研究方法围绕着将参数几何建模与新的嵌入式区域有限元方法相结合的思想，用于集成计算空气动力学。虽然参数建模技术在商业设计工具中可用，但嵌入式领域方法仍然受到严重的技术差距的困扰，这些差距阻碍了它们在高保真空气动力学中的应用。例如，具有小切割的元素对条件化和时间步长的不利影响，切割元素中的求积规则的低阶精度，以及不适合新兴的异质计算体系结构的算法。该研究方法的重点是设计有效缩小这些差距的新技术，纳入关键的计算空气动力学范例，如不连续Galerkin概念和用于大涡湍流模拟的变分多尺度方法，并使高阶精度超过已建立的二阶代码。针对涡轮部件的多级非定常气动模拟，包括复杂的叶片几何形状、湍流的高雷诺数流动和运动的流体域，展示了卓越的通过分析设计能力。

The transfer from computer-aided geometric design to physics-based computer simulation requires geometry processing and mesh generation procedures, which often constitute significant barriers to creating rapid design-through-analysis workflows. The objective of this project within the Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program is to remove these barriers by developing new computational methodologies that enable seamless integration and automation. Turbomachinery is a key enabling energy technology, e.g., for electricity production and air transport. The new design-through-analysis methodologies envisioned in this project aims to fundamentally facilitate simulation-based turbomachinery design and optimization. These can lead to critical improvements in design procedures that serve the national interest, promote national prosperity, and enable unconventional turbomachinery designs that improve sustainability and energy efficiency. The project results also promote the progress of computational science, in particular by contributing significant methodological advances to the current drive towards unsteady full-wheel simulations. The project includes an education component that combines a new summer camp with research internship opportunities for high school and undergraduate students. It provides opportunities for energizing K-12 and undergraduate experiences that motivate participants to join advanced degree programs in engineering, with particular emphasis on minorities and underrepresented groups. This will directly strengthen the infrastructure for STEM outreach at the University of Minnesota and contribute to developing and maintaining a well-trained STEM workforce, which is important for the future competitiveness of related industries in the United States.The research approach revolves around the idea of combining parametric geometry modeling with new embedded domain finite element methods for integrated computational aerodynamics. While parametric modeling techniques are available in commercial design tools, embedded domain methods remain plagued by serious technology gaps that prevent their application for high-fidelity aerodynamics. Examples include the detrimental impact of elements with small cuts on conditioning and time step size, low-order accuracy of quadrature rules in cut elements, and algorithms that are unsuitable for emerging heterogeneous computing architectures. The research approach focuses on devising new techniques that effectively close these gaps, incorporate key computational aerodynamics paradigms such as the Discontinuous Galerkin concept and the variational multiscale method for large eddy turbulence modeling, and enable high-order accuracy beyond established second-order codes. The superior design-through-analysis capabilities are demonstrated for multistage unsteady aerodynamic simulations of turbine components, involving complex blade geometries, turbulent high-Reynolds-number flows and moving fluid domains.