Sociolinguistic Perception in Real Time

听众可以从一个人说话的小细节，甚至是他们没有意识到听到的细节中了解到很多关于这个人的社会信息。人们是如何在说话过程中如此迅速地将如此复杂的信息整合在一起的呢？社会语言学家最近开始研究对每一个有意义的变化实例的即时反应。然而，由于缺乏方法一致性和对这种即时反应与刺激结束判断之间关系的理论理解不足，这些努力受到了阻碍，而这种关系是大多数社会语言学感知工作的基础。关于人们对积极和消极经历的看法的研究表明，这种关系可能比社会语言学家所假设的要复杂得多。该项目的第一阶段将测试实时跟踪社会语言学感知的可能方法，包括显性方法（如按下按钮）和隐性方法（如眼球追踪）。这些将在相同的刺激物上进行测试，这些刺激物将被构建为包括特定的语言差异，以确定最能检测这些已知差异的方法。成功的方法将用于第二阶段，探索听者如何对同一变量的多个标记，对不同但与社会相关的变量的标记以及与说话者图片等语言外信息相结合的变量做出反应。最后，第三阶段将使用目前经过充分测试的刺激来探索社会语言学感知中重要点对语言加工的影响。这项研究将在俄亥俄州立大学的语言科学研究实验室进行，该实验室位于科学博物馆COSI内，邀请博物馆的参观者参与研究。除了核心研究外，该项目还将开发更有效的技术，将研究与外展结合起来。成功的技术将与其他机构分享。成功的技术将与其他机构分享。

Listeners can learn a lot of social information about a person from small details of speech, even details that they are not consciously aware of hearing. How do people put such complex information together so quickly over the course of an utterance? Sociolinguists have begun recently to study moment-to-moment reactions to each individual meaningful instance of variation. Efforts have been hampered, however, by a lack of methodological consistency and an inadequate theoretical understanding of the relationship between such moment-to-moment reactions and the end-of-stimulus judgments on which most work on sociolinguistic perception is based. Research on people's perceptions of positive and negative experiences suggests that this relationship is likely to be more complex that sociolinguists have assumed.The first phase of the project will test possible methods for tracking sociolinguistic perception moment-to-moment, including both explicit methods such as button presses and implicit methods such as eye-tracking. These will be tested on the same stimuli, which will be constructed to include specific linguistic differences, to identify the methods which are best at detecting these known differences. The successful methods will be used in the second phase to explore how listeners respond to multiple tokens of the same variable, to tokens of different but socially related variables and to variables combined with extra-linguistic information like pictures of the speaker. Finally, phase three will use the, by now, well-tested stimuli to explore the effects of important points in sociolinguistic perception on linguistic processing. The research will be conducted at the Ohio State University's Language Science Research Lab, which is embedded in the science museum COSI, inviting museum visitors to participate in the research. In addition to the core research, the project will develop more effective techniques for integrating research and outreach. Successful techniques will be shared with other institutions. Successful techniques will be shared with other institutions.