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Collaborative Research: Physiological mechanisms involved in the allocation of energy to reproduction in corals under thermal stress

合作研究：热应激下珊瑚繁殖能量分配的生理机制

基本信息

批准号：
1655682
负责人：
Jacqueline Padilla-Gamino
金额：
$ 104.04万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-03-15 至 2023-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655682&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Physiological mechanisms involved

项目摘要

Coral reefs are diverse tropical ecosystems that provide storm protection and support economic livelihoods for fishing and tourism in coastal communities. The long-term health of reefs worldwide is being negatively impacted by increased seawater temperatures that have led to coral bleaching and widespread coral mortality, especially during the last three years. The goal of this research is to identify characteristics and physiological strategies that lead to successful coral reproduction and long-term recovery despite bleaching. This information can be applied to coral conservation and management efforts. Furthermore, these findings will be incorporated into community outreach activities, as follows: in Hawaii, to develop a workshop with elementary teachers from Hawaiian immersion schools; in Washington, with Seattle MESA (Mathematics Engineering Science and Achievement for underrepresented minorities, women, at-risk and economically disadvantaged youth) to connect science fundamentals to the real world and work with teachers to develop marine biology lesson plans; and in Pennsylvania, with the School District of Philadelphia to develop hands-on classroom activities and lead field trips to the local ocean with underserved high schools populated by over 90% minority students.Most prior coral bleaching studies have focused on the potential of adult colonies to recover and acclimatize from stress. However, future reefs will not only require the survival of adults, but will also be dependent upon the continuation of sexual reproduction despite thermal stress. Little is known about the mechanisms corals use to tolerate and successfully reproduce in stressful environments. This interdisciplinary study will characterize the physiological and phenotypic responses associated with thermal stress and quantify the impacts of coral nutrition to reproduction. The research will focus on an important and dominant reef builder in Hawaii that has the capacity to sexually reproduce despite bleaching. The objectives are to: (1) independently track the contribution of carbon and nitrogen acquired from parental photosynthesis and heterotrophy to gamete development in bleached and unbleached colonies; (2) develop nutritional proteome profiles of bleached and unbleached parental colonies and their eggs that have relied on different trophic sources throughout gamete development; and (3) use the proteomic surveys to develop a biomarker assay for coral trophic status. The findings of this study will detect biomarkers that can serve to monitor trophic status and identify coral species that are likely to recover and reproduce after a bleaching event. Altogether these data can be applied to conservation and management efforts and the development of accurate forecasting models.

珊瑚礁是多样化的热带生态系统，可以提供风暴保护并支持沿海社区渔业和旅游业的经济生计。海水温度升高导致珊瑚白化和珊瑚广泛死亡，特别是在过去三年，全球珊瑚礁的长期健康状况受到负面影响。这项研究的目标是确定导致珊瑚成功繁殖和长期恢复（尽管出现白化）的特征和生理策略。这些信息可应用于珊瑚保护和管理工作。此外，这些发现将被纳入社区外展活动，如下：在夏威夷，与夏威夷浸入式学校的小学教师一起举办研讨会；在华盛顿，与西雅图 MESA（针对代表性不足的少数族裔、妇女、高危和经济弱势青年的数学工程科学与成就）合作，将科学基础知识与现实世界联系起来，并与教师合作制定海洋生物学课程计划；在宾夕法尼亚州，与费城学区合作开展实践性课堂活动，并带领学生前往当地海洋进行实地考察，那里的学校服务水平低下，其中90%以上是少数族裔学生。此前大多数珊瑚白化研究都集中在成年珊瑚群从压力中恢复和适应的潜力。然而，未来的珊瑚礁不仅需要成体的生存，而且还依赖于在热应激下继续有性繁殖。人们对珊瑚在压力环境中耐受和成功繁殖的机制知之甚少。这项跨学科研究将描述与热应激相关的生理和表型反应，并量化珊瑚营养对繁殖的影响。这项研究将集中在夏威夷一个重要且占主导地位的珊瑚礁建造者身上，该珊瑚礁在白化的情况下仍具有有性繁殖的能力。目标是：（1）独立追踪从亲本光合作用和异养获得的碳和氮对漂白和未漂白菌落配子发育的贡献； (2) 开发漂白和未漂白的亲代菌落及其卵的营养蛋白质组谱，这些菌落在配子发育过程中依赖于不同的营养源； (3) 利用蛋白质组学调查开发珊瑚营养状态的生物标志物测定法。这项研究的结果将检测生物标志物，这些生物标志物可用于监测营养状况并识别在白化事件后可能恢复和繁殖的珊瑚物种。总而言之，这些数据可应用于保护和管理工作以及准确预测模型的开发。