Collaborative Proposal: Eco-evolutionary dynamics of coastal marsh responses to rising CO2

合作提案：沿海沼泽对二氧化碳上升的反应的生态进化动力学

• 批准号: 1655781
• 负责人: Michael Blum
• 金额: $ 26.27万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655781&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Eco; evolutionary; dynamics

Salt marshes protect coastal communities from flooding events, regulate water quality, and serve as nursery grounds that maintain fisheries. Environmental changes can have a significant impact on salt marsh ecology. This project will examine the synergistic effects of two environmental changes on salt marsh ecology - increases in atmospheric CO2 and rising sea levels. The impacts of increases in atmospheric CO2 will be assessed by studying evolutionary responses of salt marsh plant growth patterns. The impacts of rising sea level will be examined by testing whether such changes in marsh plant growth patterns result in in marsh stabilization by elevating the sediment surface of the marsh, and in turn maintaining marsh ecosystem function. Understanding these relationships may aid in effective coastal management and enable society to better anticipate and manage socioeconomic consequences of environmental change. Undergraduate and graduate students at two universities will be directly involved in the design and implementation of experimental work in the project. The project also will make findings from the work accessible to coastal managers and the public.This research project will assess the role that genetically-based changes in a key salt marsh plant, Schoenoplectus americanus, has played in marsh persistence over a 100-year period. Genotypes spanning the last century will be retrieved from dormant seeds buried in sediments. The project will determine differences in plant traits, including growth rates and tissue allocation, across cohorts of "resurrected" genotypes using field, laboratory, and classroom-based experiments. The project will then incorporate results into the Marsh Ecosystem Model (MEM), to project the impact of changes in plant performance over the last century on the stability and persistence of salt marsh ecosystems. Broader societal impacts from this study will include a rare assessment of the contribution that evolutionary responses make to the function of a highly valued ecosystem. Because the societal benefits of salt marshes can be strengthened or weakened by environmental changes on decadal and centennial scales, it is important to determine the extent to which evolution of biological traits can amplify or dampen the likelihood of ecosystem persistence. The project will facilitate access to the Marsh Ecosystem Model (MEM) to researchers and managers via the PEcAn platform.

盐沼保护沿海社区免受洪水影响，调节水质，并作为维持渔业的苗圃。环境变化会对盐沼生态产生重大影响。该项目将研究大气二氧化碳增加和海平面上升这两种环境变化对盐沼生态的协同影响。将通过研究盐沼植物生长模式的进化反应来评估大气二氧化碳增加的影响。将通过测试沼泽植物生长模式的这种变化是否会通过抬高沼泽沉积物表面来稳定沼泽，进而维持沼泽生态系统功能来检查海平面上升的影响。了解这些关系可能有助于有效的沿海管理，并使社会能够更好地预测和管理环境变化的社会经济后果。 两所大学的本科生和研究生将直接参与该项目实验工作的设计和实施。该项目还将向沿海管理人员和公众公布工作结果。该研究项目将评估主要盐沼植物 Schoenoplectus americanus 的基因变化在 100 年来的沼泽持久性中所发挥的作用。跨越上个世纪的基因型将从埋在沉积物中的休眠种子中检索出来。该项目将通过现场、实验室和课堂实验来确定“复活”基因型群体中植物性状的差异，包括生长速率和组织分配。然后，该项目将把结果纳入沼泽生态系统模型（MEM），以预测上个世纪植物性能变化对盐沼生态系统稳定性和持久性的影响。这项研究的更广泛的社会影响将包括对进化反应对高价值生态系统功能的贡献进行罕见的评估。由于十年和百年尺度的环境变化可能会增强或削弱盐沼的社会效益，因此确定生物特征的进化在多大程度上可以放大或减弱生态系统持续存在的可能性非常重要。该项目将促进研究人员和管理人员通过 PEcAn 平台访问达信生态系统模型 (MEM)。

项目成果

Microbial mediation of salinity stress response varies by plant genotype and provenance over time

随着时间的推移，微生物对盐度胁迫反应的介导因植物基因型和来源而异

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.16603
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Lumibao, Candice Y.;Torres Martínez, Lorena;Megonigal, J. Patrick;Van Bael, Sunshine A.;Blum, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Blum, Michael J.

Rapid plant trait evolution can alter coastal wetland resilience to sea level rise

• DOI: 10.1126/science.abq0595
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: M. Vahsen;M. Blum;J. Megonigal;S. Emrich;J. Holmquist;B. Stiller;K. Todd-Brown;J. McLachlan