Collaborative Research: Direct Characterization of Adaptive Nutrient Stress Responses in the Sargasso Sea using Protein Biomarkers and a Biogeochemical AUV

合作研究：使用蛋白质生物标记物和生物地球化学 AUV 直接表征马尾藻海的适应性营养物应激反应

• 批准号: 1657885
• 负责人: Rodney Johnson
• 金额: $ 5.95万
• 依托单位: Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS), Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-15 至 2021-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657885&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Direct; Characterization; Adaptive

Microscopic communities in the ocean can be surprisingly diverse. This diversity makes it difficult to study the individual organisms and reactions that control specific reactions controlling nutrient cycles. Past studies confirm that iron and nitrogen are vital elements for biological growth. There is increasing evidence, however, that other chemicals such as silica, zinc, cobalt, and vitamin B12 may be just as important. This project will provide an unprecedented view of community distributions using new molecular methods to isolate and link active proteins to specific chemical cycles during the very first research deployment of a brand-new autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). The AUV will collect samples in programed patterns by pumping water directly into its filtering mechanism and then return the samples to the ship for analysis. The Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) station, which provides abundant supporting data, is the site for this innovative investigation into the microbial ecology and chemistry of the open oceans. Additionally, data will be widely distributed to other scientists through the Ocean Protein Portal website being developed by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI) and the Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office. Data will also contribute a new teaching module in the Marine Bioinorganic Chemistry course at WHOI. This first scientific deployment of the newly engineered and constructed biogeochemical AUV, Clio, will generate a novel dataset to examine marine microbial biogeochemical cycles in the Northwestern Atlantic oligotrophic ocean in unprecedented detail and at high vertical resolution. First the project proposes to understand if the microbial community reflects the varying chemical composition and cyanobacterial species through nutrient response adaptations. Additionally, the research will determine if iron stress in the low light Prochlorococcus ecotyope found in the deep chlorophyll maximum is a persistent feature influenced by seasonal dust fluxes. The highly resolved vertical data from the in situ pumping capabilities of Clio are fundamental to a rigorous examination of these biogeochemical questions. This highly transformative dataset will greatly advance understanding of the nutrient and trace element cycling of this region and will be the first field validation of the potentially revolutionary capability these new approaches represent for the study of marine microbial biogeochemistry.

海洋中的微生物群落可以令人惊讶地多样化。 这种多样性使得很难研究控制特定反应的个体生物和反应，这些反应控制着营养循环。过去的研究证实，铁和氮是生物生长的重要元素。然而，越来越多的证据表明，其他化学物质，如二氧化硅，锌，钴和维生素B12可能同样重要。该项目将在全新自主水下航行器（AUV）的首次研究部署期间，使用新的分子方法分离活性蛋白并将其与特定化学循环联系起来，提供前所未有的群落分布视图。 AUV将通过将水直接泵入其过滤机构以编程模式收集样品，然后将样品返回船上进行分析。 百慕大大西洋时间序列研究站提供了丰富的辅助数据，是对公海微生物生态学和化学进行这一创新性调查的地点。此外，数据将通过伍兹霍尔海洋学研究所和生物和化学海洋学数据管理办公室正在开发的海洋蛋白门户网站广泛分发给其他科学家。数据还将为WHOI海洋生物无机化学课程提供一个新的教学模块。这是首次科学部署新设计和建造的微生物地球化学AUV，克利奥，将产生一个新的数据集，以前所未有的细节和高垂直分辨率研究西北大西洋贫营养海洋的海洋微生物地球化学循环。首先，该项目建议了解微生物群落是否通过营养反应适应反映了不同的化学成分和蓝藻物种。此外，该研究将确定在深叶绿素最大值中发现的弱光原绿球藻生态区中的铁胁迫是否是受季节性粉尘通量影响的持久特征。 克利奥现场泵送能力的高分辨率垂直数据是严格检查这些地球化学问题的基础。 这一高度变革性的数据集将极大地促进对该地区营养和微量元素循环的理解，并将首次实地验证这些新方法对海洋微生物生物地球化学研究的潜在革命性能力。