Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences (COMPRES): National Facilities and Infrastructure Development for High-Pressure Geosciences Research

地球科学材料特性研究联盟 (COMPRES)：高压地球科学研究的国家设施和基础设施开发

• 批准号: 1661511
• 负责人: Carl Agee
• 金额: $ 1200万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1661511&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Consortium; Materials; Properties; Research; Earth

COMPRES is a national, community-based consortium, with a mission to support research in the properties of materials that comprise the interiors of Earth and other planetary bodies, with particular emphasis on high-pressure science and technology and related fields. It is charged with the oversight and guidance of specialized laboratories at several national synchrotron facilities. COMPRES laboratory scientists determine the basic material properties of the inaccessible Earth and these measurements, in turn, shed light on questions of direct societal impact, such as the causes of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. They can also help explain the formation of natural resources within the Earth, and they can improve our quality of life through the discovery of new advanced materials. As part of its mission, COMPRES continually develops new infrastructure and technologies to advance U.S. geoscience research.Data from mineral physics measurements carried out at COMPRES-supported facilities are critical for interpreting seismological and volcanological phenomena as well as other geophysical processes operating in the Earths interior. Synchrotron-based techniques have played an ever-increasing role in experimental efforts to measure properties of geological materials at high pressures and temperatures. COMPRES is perfectly positioned to take advantage of the new generation of synchrotrons that offer great promise for the coming decade and beyond. For example, our beam line facilities XPD and FIS will be stationed at Brookhaven National Laboratory?s National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II), which is a recently completed, $900 million facility, that produces X-rays over 10,000 times brighter than its predecessor NSLS, while providing improved spatial and energy resolution as well as a world-leading synchrotron-infrared (IR) radiation source. COMPRES also supports diamond anvil cell (DAC) beam lines at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Argonne National Laboratory, at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a multi-anvil press project at Arizona State University. The new or upgraded synchrotrons augmented by improvements in x-ray optics and detectors will lead to dramatic advances in measurements at high pressure. Thus, the upcoming period, spanned by the new 5-year cooperative agreement, offers exciting opportunities as these synchrotron facilities will dramatically improve experimental capabilities and allow for novel experiments needed to test hypotheses and address yet-unanswered questions on the nature of deep planetary interiors. Infrastructure and facility developments supported by COMPRES are at the same time creating a new generation of tools and techniques for attaining and measuring the deep interior environment in the laboratory.

COMPRES是一个全国性的、以社区为基础的联盟，其使命是支持对构成地球和其他行星体内部的材料特性的研究，特别强调高压科学和技术及相关领域。它负责监督和指导几个国家同步加速器设施的专门实验室。comppres实验室的科学家们确定了难以接近的地球的基本物质特性，而这些测量结果反过来又揭示了直接社会影响的问题，比如地震和火山爆发的原因。它们还可以帮助解释地球内部自然资源的形成，它们可以通过发现新的先进材料来提高我们的生活质量。作为其使命的一部分，comppres不断开发新的基础设施和技术，以推进美国的地球科学研究。在压缩支撑设施中进行的矿物物理测量数据对于解释地震和火山现象以及在地球内部运行的其他地球物理过程至关重要。基于同步加速器的技术在测量高压和高温下地质材料性质的实验工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。compes完全有能力利用新一代同步加速器，为未来十年乃至更长时间提供巨大的希望。例如，我们的波束线设备XPD和FIS将驻扎在布鲁克海文国家实验室？美国国家同步加速器光源ii （NSLS- ii）是最近完成的一个耗资9亿美元的设施，它产生的x射线比它的前身NSLS亮1万多倍，同时提供改进的空间和能量分辨率以及世界领先的同步红外（IR）辐射源。comppres还支持先进光子源（APS）阿贡国家实验室、先进光源（ALS）劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室的金刚石砧细胞（DAC）光束线，以及亚利桑那州立大学的多砧压机项目。在x射线光学和探测器的改进下，新的或升级的同步加速器将导致高压测量的巨大进步。因此，新的5年合作协议所涵盖的即将到来的时期，将提供令人兴奋的机会，因为这些同步加速器设施将大大提高实验能力，并允许进行新的实验，以测试假设，并解决有关深层行星内部性质的尚未解决的问题。COMPRES支持的基础设施和设备开发同时创造了新一代工具和技术，用于获取和测量实验室的深层内部环境。