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RUI: Bio-Inspired Architectures Enabling Real-Time Feedback Control in Wireless Sensing and Actuating Networks

RUI：仿生架构在无线传感和驱动网络中实现实时反馈控制

基本信息

批准号：
1662655
负责人：
Courtney Peckens
金额：
$ 13.39万
依托单位：
Hope College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2022-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1662655&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Bio Inspired Architectures Enabling

项目摘要

The goal of this project is to use strategies found in biological sensory circuits to create practical wireless networked control systems for minimizing damage to buildings and other critical civil infrastructure during events such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and earthquakes. Critical civil infrastructure, such as bridges and buildings, are highly vulnerable to extreme load scenarios, such as high winds or earthquakes. Failure of such structures can have a significantly negative impact on society, both through loss of productivity as well as potential loss of life. To guard against these failures during extreme events, the project will use integrated feedback control, in which distributed sensors detect building motion and wirelessly send measurements to one or more processing nodes, which then use that data to command strategically located actuators to generate counteracting forces. Practical wireless implementation of such systems may be difficult due data-overload on communication links and processing nodes, and by time delays of signals traveling over the wireless links. The goal of this project is to overcome these problems using data compression strategies and other advantageous adaptations found in sensory loops in the biological central nervous system. This project will be carried out at Hope College, a Primarily Undergraduate Institution, and will introduce Hope College students to cutting-edge research in structural engineering. Wireless feedback control systems are challenged by constraints such as computation inundation at nodes and communication latencies, which have to date limited real-time control capabilities and large-scale deployments on civil infrastructure. In contrast, biological sensory systems are able to robustly react and adapt to their environment in ways that outperform engineering systems. The goal for this project is to draw inspiration from these biological mechanisms and develop a bio-inspired sensing and actuating architecture that utilizes front-end signal processing and simplistic information integration so as to streamline communication and enable real-time control. This will be achieved by utilizing optimal control theory as well as iterative training techniques to develop synaptic weights between layers of sensing and actuating nodes. The project will also study the synaptic plasticity exhibited by biological neural networks and integrate this behavior into the bio-inspired control architecture. The result will be an adaptive, bio-inspired control architecture that will be capable of real-time feedback control which will alleviate the challenges experienced in traditional wireless control systems. This architecture will be validated in hardware on a small scale structure that is subject to seismic excitation. By demonstrating an alternative sensing and actuating paradigm based on principles employed by the biological nervous system, the project will remove the constraints of traditional Nyquist sampling on wireless sensor networks while still maintaining effective control capabilities. This will move the field in a vertical direction as it will reduce current challenges of communication latencies and computation inundation, thus enabling real-time feedback control using wireless telemetry.

该项目的目标是使用生物传感电路中的策略来创建实用的无线网络控制系统，以最大限度地减少飓风，龙卷风和地震等事件对建筑物和其他关键民用基础设施的破坏。关键的民用基础设施，如桥梁和建筑物，非常容易受到极端负载情况的影响，如强风或地震。这种结构的失败可能对社会产生重大的负面影响，既会损失生产力，也可能造成生命损失。为了在极端事件期间防止这些故障，该项目将使用集成反馈控制，其中分布式传感器检测建筑物运动并将测量结果无线发送到一个或多个处理节点，然后使用该数据命令战略定位的致动器产生反作用力。由于通信链路和处理节点上的数据过载，以及由于在无线链路上传播的信号的时间延迟，这种系统的实际无线实现可能是困难的。该项目的目标是利用数据压缩策略和生物中枢神经系统感觉回路中发现的其他有利适应来克服这些问题。该项目将在私立本科院校希望学院开展，并将向希望学院的学生介绍结构工程方面的前沿研究。无线反馈控制系统受到诸如节点处的计算淹没和通信延迟等约束的挑战，这些约束迄今为止具有有限的实时控制能力和在民用基础设施上的大规模部署。相比之下，生物感觉系统能够以优于工程系统的方式对环境做出强有力的反应和适应。该项目的目标是从这些生物机制中汲取灵感，并开发一种生物启发的传感和致动架构，该架构利用前端信号处理和简单的信息集成，以简化通信并实现实时控制。这将通过利用最优控制理论以及迭代训练技术来开发感测和致动节点层之间的突触权重来实现。该项目还将研究生物神经网络所表现出的突触可塑性，并将这种行为整合到生物启发的控制架构中。其结果将是一个自适应的，生物启发的控制架构，将能够实时反馈控制，这将减轻传统的无线控制系统所面临的挑战。这种架构将在一个小规模的结构，是受地震激励的硬件验证。通过展示一种基于生物神经系统原理的替代传感和驱动范例，该项目将消除传统奈奎斯特采样对无线传感器网络的限制，同时仍然保持有效的控制能力。这将在垂直方向上移动场，因为它将减少当前通信延迟和计算淹没的挑战，从而实现使用无线遥测的实时反馈控制。