Conference: Reflections on the Impact of the Reconstruction Amendments: A Research Symposium on the Social and Economic Outcomes of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

这是一个关于第十三，第十四和第十五修正案的社会和经济结果的研究研讨会和会议。它将在国家档案馆举行。这些美国宪法修正案是在1865年至1870年期间通过的。这个项目的标题反映了会议的总体主题和预计的活动。它有两个主要目标。本次活动的重点目标是将STEM学科的本科生，研究生和高级学者聚集在一起，在研究背景下探索美国经济和种族不平等的长期演变，尽管有这三项修正案，在他们通过成为法律后的一个半世纪。第二个长期目标是继续在高等教育中发展阶梯式的研究环境，将本科生、研究生、博士后学者和教师的努力结合起来，有意识地提供新的研究成果，并使本科生接触到丰富的社会科学研究。美国宪法第13修正案正式废除并继续禁止奴隶制。美国宪法第14条修正案宣布，所有在美国出生或归化的人都是美国公民，包括非洲裔美国人。美国宪法第15条修正案禁止美国各州政府基于公民的种族、肤色或以前的奴役状况而剥夺公民的投票权。重点研究这些修正案的价值在于，它们的全面颁布直到20世纪60年代中期才在法律意义上完全生效。这些修正案的早期承诺在19世纪的过程中被州法律和联邦法院的判决所削弱。他们的承诺在20世纪50年代和60年代得到了法律上的重申，但真正的社会和经济影响又过了半个世纪才得到充分界定。

This is a research symposium and conference on the social and economic outcomes of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. It will be held at the National Archives building. These Amendments to the US Constitution were passed in the period 1865 - 1870. The title of this project reflects the general theme of the event and the projected activities for the conference. It has two major goals. The focused goal of this event is to bring together an interdisciplinary group of undergraduates, graduate students, and senior scholars in STEM disciplines to explore, in a research context, the long evolution of economic and race inequality in the US, despite these three Amendments, over the course of the century and a half after their passage into law. A second longer term goal is to continue to develop laddered research settings in higher education that combine the efforts of undergraduate students, graduate students, post-doctoral scholars, and faculty in a conscious effort to provide new research findings and expose undergraduates to rich research in the social sciences. The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery. The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are American citizens, including African Americans. The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The value in a focused study these Amendments is that their full enactment did not become fully operational in the legal sense until the mid-1960s. The early promise of these amendments was reduced by state laws and federal court decisions over the course of the 19th century. Their promise was legally re-affirmed in the 1950s and 1960s, but the real social and economic implications took another half century to fully define.