Conference: Reflections on the Impact of the Reconstruction Amendments: A Research Symposium on the Social and Economic Outcomes of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

这是一次关于第十三、十四、十五号修正案社会经济成果的研究座谈会和会议。它将在国家档案馆大楼举行。美国宪法的这些修正案是在1865-1870年期间通过的。该项目的标题反映了会议的总主题和预计的活动。它有两个主要目标。这次活动的重点目标是聚集STEM学科的本科生、研究生和高级学者组成的跨学科小组，在研究背景下探索美国经济和种族不平等的长期演变，尽管有这三项修正案，但在它们通过成为法律后的一个半世纪里。第二个更长期的目标是继续在高等教育中发展阶梯式研究环境，结合本科生、研究生、博士后学者和教职员工的努力，有意识地努力提供新的研究成果，让本科生接触到丰富的社会科学研究。美国宪法第十三修正案正式废除并继续禁止奴隶制。美国宪法第14修正案宣布，所有在美国出生或入籍的人都是美国公民，包括非裔美国人。美国宪法第15修正案禁止美国每一届政府基于公民的种族、肤色或以前的奴役条件而剥夺该公民的选举权。集中研究这些修正案的价值在于，直到1960年代中期，它们的全面颁布才在法律意义上完全生效。这些修正案的早期承诺在19世纪期间因州法律和联邦法院的裁决而减少。他们的承诺在20世纪50年代和60年代得到了法律上的重新确认，但真正的社会和经济影响又花了半个世纪才完全确定。

This is a research symposium and conference on the social and economic outcomes of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. It will be held at the National Archives building. These Amendments to the US Constitution were passed in the period 1865 - 1870. The title of this project reflects the general theme of the event and the projected activities for the conference. It has two major goals. The focused goal of this event is to bring together an interdisciplinary group of undergraduates, graduate students, and senior scholars in STEM disciplines to explore, in a research context, the long evolution of economic and race inequality in the US, despite these three Amendments, over the course of the century and a half after their passage into law. A second longer term goal is to continue to develop laddered research settings in higher education that combine the efforts of undergraduate students, graduate students, post-doctoral scholars, and faculty in a conscious effort to provide new research findings and expose undergraduates to rich research in the social sciences. The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery. The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are American citizens, including African Americans. The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The value in a focused study these Amendments is that their full enactment did not become fully operational in the legal sense until the mid-1960s. The early promise of these amendments was reduced by state laws and federal court decisions over the course of the 19th century. Their promise was legally re-affirmed in the 1950s and 1960s, but the real social and economic implications took another half century to fully define.