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SUSCHEM - RING OPENING POLYMERIZATION IN AQUEOUS DISPERSION

SUSCHEM - 水分散体中的开环聚合

基本信息

批准号：
1706911
负责人：
Damien Guironnet
金额：
$ 40.51万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1706911&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
SUSCHEM RING OPENING POLYMERIZATION AQUEOUS

项目摘要

Polymers are long-chain molecules that consist of a repeating chemical structural unit. With over 300 million ton produced annually in the form of plastics, polymers are truly ubiquitous to our society. Unfortunately, most of these polymers are not biodegradable, and even if a fraction is recycled, eventually most polymers end up in a landfill, which is an unsustainable and environmentally taxing proposition. Polymers are synthesized using a chemical reaction called "polymerization." Emulsion polymerization is a very common industrial technique used for the production of a wide variety of polymers, including rubber, latex, and coatings. Thus far, it has not been possible to use this process to manufacture biodegradable polymers. This research project aims to develop a novel strategy to synthesize biodegradable polymers by emulsion polymerization. This research project employs tools and concepts from polymer science, catalysis, and reaction engineering and enables the training of both graduate and undergraduate students. An outreach program at the St. Elmo Brady STEM Academy seeks to inspire students from underrepresented groups attending rural schools in central Illinois about science. Hands-on experimental modules demonstrating polymer synthesis and the importance of polymer recycling for a sustainable environment are being developed.The objective of this research project is to develop a new methodology for performing ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters in aqueous dispersions to generate biodegradable polymer latexes. One aim is to pursue catalytic emulsion polymerization with water-sensitive catalysts by relying on the encapsulation of the catalyst within a hydrophobic capsule dispersed in water, where the shell of this capsule is permeable to the monomer but not to water. Following a top down approach, micrometer-sized block copolymer capsules prepared using a microfluidic technique will be used initially to establish a proof-of-concept. These large capsules permit the determination of the rate of polymerization and rate of transport, information that can be used to develop a model to predict the potential of more scalable, seeded emulsion ring-opening polymerization with nanometer-sized capsules. The microstructure of the block copolymers used to form the semipermeable shell of the capsules are being tuned to increase monomer transport while decreasing the rate of transport of water. Optimization of the rates should allow for the capsules to be decreased in size to tens of nanometers, leading to the first seeded catalytic ring-opening polymerization in aqueous dispersion.

聚合物是由重复的化学结构单元组成的长链分子。每年以塑料的形式生产超过3亿吨，聚合物在我们的社会中无处不在。不幸的是，这些聚合物中的大多数是不可生物降解的，即使一部分被回收，最终大多数聚合物最终都会进入垃圾填埋场，这是一个不可持续的和环境税收的主张。聚合物是通过一种叫做“聚合”的化学反应合成的。“乳液聚合是一种非常常见的工业技术，用于生产各种聚合物，包括橡胶、乳胶和涂料。到目前为止，还不可能使用该方法来制造可生物降解的聚合物。本研究计画旨在发展一种以乳液聚合法合成生物可降解聚合物的新策略。该研究项目采用聚合物科学，催化和反应工程的工具和概念，并使研究生和本科生的培训。圣埃尔莫布雷迪STEM学院的一个推广项目旨在激励来自伊利诺伊州中部农村学校代表性不足群体的学生学习科学。本研究项目的目的是开发一种新的方法，用于在水分散液中进行环酯开环聚合，生成可生物降解的聚合物胶乳。一个目的是通过依赖于将催化剂包封在分散在水中的疏水胶囊内来利用水敏催化剂进行催化乳液聚合，其中该胶囊的壳可渗透单体但不可渗透水。在自上而下的方法之后，使用微流体技术制备的微米尺寸的嵌段共聚物胶囊将最初用于建立概念验证。这些大的胶囊允许聚合速率和传输速率的测定，这些信息可用于开发模型以预测具有纳米尺寸胶囊的更可扩展的种子乳液开环聚合的潜力。正在调整用于形成胶囊的半渗透壳的嵌段共聚物的微结构，以增加单体传输，同时降低水的传输速率。速率的优化应允许胶囊的尺寸减小到几十纳米，导致在水性分散体中的第一种催化开环聚合。