Experimental Physics Research Program at Columbia University/Nevis Laboratories

哥伦比亚大学/尼维斯实验室实验物理研究项目

• 批准号: 1707971
• 负责人: Michael Shaevitz
• 金额: $ 375万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1707971&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Physics; Research; Program; Columbia

A principal goal of experiments in modern particle physics is to uncover and elucidate new physics beyond the Standard Model. Possible approaches include the study of physics processes at the highest available collision energies at accelerators or through studies of the very rare interactions of neutrinos. The Columbia Particle Physics group is engaged in both approaches, which are relevant to the understanding of the Universe at its most fundamental level in the fleeting fraction of a second just after the Big Bang, and to why we see the Universe as we do now. At the highest available collision energies, the objectives of the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (the LHC) at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland is to understand the nature of the recently discovered Higgs Boson, and to uncover new physics beyond the Standard Model.   The next three years will witness the growth of the LHC physics program through ever higher interaction rates and ever increasing data sets at collision energies of 13-14 TeV. The Columbia team is one of the leading groups participating in the ATLAS experiment at CERN. Their contributions include extensive involvement in the scientific and technical management of the experiment, substantial contributions to the maintenance and operations and upgrades of the key detectors for energy measurement, in particular the Liquid Argon Calorimetry. In the search for new physics, the group is focusing on searches for evidence of supersymmetry and for exotic particles of very high masses in a broad range of production and decay processes, involving vector bosons and the Higgs boson, and relying on the recognition of charged leptons, jets and missing energy.  Another major question is what happened to all the antimatter in the universe. Fundamental symmetry arguments suggest that matter and antimatter should have been produced in equal abundance in the early universe, but now all we see is matter. A key to unraveling this mystery may lie with elusive particles called neutrinos, which are abundant in the universe, but which barely interact with matter. There are three of these particles known. Why three? And what are the masses of these particles? Are there more? Experiments are underway to understand these phenomena and to see if more than three neutrinos exist. The Columbia group is involved with the experiment MicroBooNE, which is now online at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois, and a new detector in preparation, called SBND. This program will address several of the key questions in neutrino physics, including the search of additional neutrinos as well as advancement of an important new technology for the field, the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber. The Columbia group has major responsibilities for the readout electronics of the Time Projection Chamber and triggering system, detector simulation, data acquisition software, and physics analysis for MicroBooNE, and is advancing these efforts to the future Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE).Broader Impacts: A principal focus of the Columbia group over many years and strengthened with this award is the training of undergraduate students through their highly successful Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) summer program. This program has demonstrated a commitment to the inclusion of under-represented groups, including many students from undergraduate-only institutions. And follow-up tracking has shown an impressive rate of success for graduates of their programs to pursue advanced degrees in STEM fields.

现代粒子物理学实验的一个主要目标是揭示和阐明超越标准模型的新物理学。可能的方法包括在加速器上研究最高可用碰撞能量的物理过程，或者通过研究非常罕见的中微子相互作用。哥伦比亚大学粒子物理小组正在研究这两种方法，这两种方法都与理解宇宙大爆炸后瞬间瞬间的宇宙最基本的层面有关，也与我们为什么看到现在的宇宙有关。在最高可用的碰撞能量下，位于瑞士日内瓦欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机（LHC）的实验目标是了解最近发现的希格斯玻色子的性质，并发现超越标准模型的新物理学。未来三年将见证大型强子对撞机物理项目的增长，通过更高的相互作用速率和不断增加的碰撞能量为13-14 TeV的数据集。哥伦比亚研究小组是参与欧洲核子研究中心ATLAS实验的主要小组之一。他们的贡献包括广泛参与实验的科学和技术管理，为能量测量的关键探测器的维护和操作以及升级做出了重大贡献，特别是液氩量热仪。在寻找新物理学的过程中，该小组专注于寻找超对称的证据，以及在广泛的产生和衰变过程中寻找质量极高的奇异粒子，包括矢量玻色子和希格斯玻色子，并依赖于对带电轻子、喷流和缺失能量的识别。另一个主要问题是宇宙中所有的反物质发生了什么。基本对称理论认为，在早期宇宙中，物质和反物质的数量应该是相等的，但现在我们看到的都是物质。解开这个谜团的关键可能在于被称为中微子的难以捉摸的粒子，这种粒子在宇宙中大量存在，但几乎不与物质相互作用。已知有三种这样的粒子。为什么三个?这些粒子的质量是多少？还有更多吗？实验正在进行中，以了解这些现象，并看看是否存在三个以上的中微子。哥伦比亚大学的研究小组参与了MicroBooNE实验，该实验现已在伊利诺斯州巴达维亚的费米国家加速器实验室上线，并正在准备一个名为SBND的新探测器。该计划将解决中微子物理学中的几个关键问题，包括寻找额外的中微子，以及推进该领域的一项重要新技术——液态氩时间投影室。哥伦比亚小组主要负责时间投影室的读出电子设备和触发系统、探测器模拟、数据采集软件和MicroBooNE的物理分析，并正在推进这些工作，以未来的深地下中微子实验（DUNE）。更广泛的影响：哥伦比亚大学小组多年来的主要重点是通过他们非常成功的本科生研究经验（REU）暑期项目对本科生的培训，并通过该奖项得到加强。这个项目已经证明了对弱势群体的包容，包括许多来自本科院校的学生。后续跟踪显示，这些项目的毕业生在STEM领域攻读高级学位的成功率令人印象深刻。

项目成果

Search for heavy neutral leptons decaying into muon-pion pairs in the MicroBooNE detector

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.052001
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: P. Abratenko;M. Alrashed;Rui An;J. Anthony;J. Asaadi;A. Ashkenazi;S. Balasubramanian;B. Baller;C. Barnes;G. Barr;V. Basque;S. Berkman;A. Bhanderi;A. Bhat;M. Bishai;A. Blake;T. Bolton;L. Camilleri;D. Caratelli;I. Caro Terrazas;R. Castillo Fernandez;F. Cavanna;G. Cerati;Y. Chen;E. Church;D. Cianci;E. Cohen;J. Conrad;M. Convery;L. Cooper-Troendle;J. I. Crespo-Anadón;M. del Tutto;D. Devitt;L. Dominé;K. Duffy;S. Dytman;B. Eberly;A. Ereditato;L. Escudero Sánchez;J. Evans;R. Fitzpatrick;B. Fleming;N. Foppiani;D. Franco;A. Furmanski;D. Garcia-Gamez;S. Gardiner;V. Genty;D. Goeldi;S. Gollapinni;O. Goodwin;E. Gramellini;P. Green;H. Greenlee;L. Gu;W. Gu;R. Guenette;P. Guzowski;P. Hamilton;O. Hen;C. Hill;G. Horton-Smith;A. Hourlier;E. Huang;R. Itay;C. James;J. Jan de Vries;X. Ji;L. Jiang;J. Jo;R. A. Johnson-R. A.-Johnson-2110759738;J. Joshi;Y. Jwa;G. Karagiorgi;W. Ketchum;B. Kirby;M. Kirby;T. Kobilarcik;I. Kreslo;R. LaZur;I. Lepetic;Y. Li;A. Lister;B. Littlejohn;S. Lockwitz;D. Lorca;W. Louis;M. Luethi;B. Lundberg;X. Luo;A. Marchionni;S. Marcocci;C. Mariani;J. Marshall;J. Martín-Albo;D. Martinez Caicedo;K. Mason;A. Mastbaum;N. McConkey;V. Meddage;T. Mettler;K. Miller;J. Mills;K. Mistry;A. Mogan;T. Mohayai;J. Moon;M. Mooney;C. Moore;J. Mousseau;R. Murrells;D. Naples;R. Neely;P. Nienaber;J. Nowak;O. Palamara;V. Pandey;V. Paolone;A. Papadopoulou;V. Papavassiliou;S. Pate;A. Paudel;Z. Pavlovic;E. Piasetzky;D. Porzio;S. Prince;G. Pulliam;X. Qian;J. Raaf;V. Radeka;A. Rafique;L. Ren;L. Rochester;H. Rogers;M. Ross-Lonergan;C. Rudolf von Rohr;B. Russell;G. Scanavini;D. Schmitz;A. Schukraft;W. Seligman;M. Shaevitz;R. Sharankova;J. Sinclair;A. Smith;E. Snider;M. Soderberg;S. Söldner-Rembold;S. Soleti;P. Spentzouris;J. Spitz;M. Stancari;J. John;T. Strauss;K. Sutton;S. Sword-Fehlberg;A. Szelc;N. Tagg;W. Tang;K. Terao;R. Thornton;M. Toups;Y. Tsai;S. Tufanli;M. Uchida;T. Usher;W. Van De Pontseele;R. G. Van de Water;B. Viren;M. Weber;H. Wei;D. A. Wickremasinghe;Z. Williams;S. Wolbers;T. Wongjirad;K. Woodruff;M. Wospakrik;W. Wu;T. Yang;G. Yarbrough;L. Yates;G. Zeller;J. Zennamo;C. Zhang

Michel electron reconstruction using cosmic-ray data from the MicroBooNE LArTPC

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/12/09/p09014
• 发表时间: 2017-04
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: M. C. R. Acciarri;C. Adams;Rui An;J. Anthony;J. Asaadi;M. Auger;L. Bagby;S. Balasubramanian

Measurement of cosmic-ray reconstruction efficiencies in the MicroBooNE LArTPC using a small external cosmic-ray counter

使用小型外部宇宙射线计数器测量 MicroBooNE LArTPC 中的宇宙射线重建效率

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/12/12/p12030
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Acciarri R

Determination of muon momentum in the MicroBooNE LArTPC using an improved model of multiple Coulomb scattering

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/12/10/p10010
• 发表时间: 2017-10-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Abratenko, P.;Acciarri, R.;Zhang, C.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, C.

Search for heavy resonances decaying to a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson in the qq¯(′)bb¯ final state in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

使用 ATLAS 探测器，在 s=13 TeV 的 pp 碰撞中，搜索 qq(-)bb 最终态衰变为 W 或 Z 玻色子和希格斯玻色子的重共振

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.09.066
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Physics Letters B
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Aaboud, M.;Aad, G.;Abbott, B.;Abdinov, O.;Abeloos, B.;Abidi, S.H.;AbouZeid, O.S.;Abraham, N.L.;Abramowicz, H.;Abreu, H.
• 通讯作者: Abreu, H.