Materials Research Science and Engineering Center

摘要：由宾夕法尼亚大学物质结构研究实验室主办的材料研究科学与工程中心（MRSEC）是美国材料研究与教育的国家级重点机构。MRSEC为来自不同学科的教师、博士后学者和研究生提供重要支持，以解决需要多学科合作才能成功的复杂材料项目。三个不同的跨学科研究小组并行进行，以开发使玻璃不那么脆弱的方法，生产在压力下化学重新配置的纤维网络，并探索结合和利用纳米晶体和液晶的新方法。中心社区还建立了最先进的材料测量共享实验设施，并举办了一系列针对K-16的博士生、博士后、教师、地区学术、工业和政府科学家以及公众的活动，强调包容代表性不足的少数民族和妇女。最后，除了在对美国技术竞争力至关重要的领域为博士和博士后提供独特的跨学科培训外，该中心还为初创企业和老牌企业提供有用的发现、概念和知识产权。技术摘要：宾夕法尼亚大学材料研究科学与工程中心（MRSEC）为三个多学科跨学科研究小组（IRGs）的核心研究提供支持。IRG-1，无序固体中的重排和柔软，发展了对无序固体中颗粒级重排的组织和增殖的基本理解。在此过程中，确定了控制非线性力学响应和提高韧性的策略。IRG-2，结构化学力学纤维网络，利用纤维材料的非线性力学响应来操纵化学反应；这些反应是由施加在网络上的宏观应力（化学力学）局部控制的，为创造新的自我增强和传感材料提供了新的手段。IRG-3， Pluperfect纳米晶体结构，在纳米尺度上利用表面化学和几何线索的相互作用，将纳米晶体组织成硬（制造）和软（可重构）材料上的结构，这些结构打破了结构周期性，赋予新的光学和磁响应。研究包括软物质、硬物质和生物材料。这些发现和理解为未来的技术奠定了基础，从而为工业提供了信息，刺激了经济，并为整个社会带来了利益。MRSEC在培养具有竞争力和多样化的科学和工程劳动力方面处于全国领先地位，以满足学术界、政府和工业界的需求。它举办针对K-16的博士生、博士后、教师、地区学术、工业和政府科学家以及公众的活动，强调包容未被充分代表的少数民族和妇女。充满活力的本科和高中暑期课程，科学咖啡馆，以及与少数民族服务机构的主要合作伙伴关系也包括在内。

Nontechnical Abstract: The Materials Research Science and Engineering Center - MRSEC - hosted by the Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter at the University of Pennsylvania, is a national focal point for materials research and education. The MRSEC provides crucial support for faculty, postdoctoral scholars and graduate students, all drawn from different disciplines, to tackle complex materials projects that require multidisciplinary collaboration for success. Three distinct interdisciplinary research groups proceed in parallel, to develop ways to make glasses less fragile, produce fiber networks which chemically reconfigure in response to stress, and explore new ways to combine and utilize nanocrystals and liquid crystals. The Center community also builds state-of-the-art shared experimental facilities for materials measurement, and it hosts a range of activities that target K-16 to PhD students, post-docs, teachers, regional academic, industrial and governmental scientists, and the general public, emphasizing inclusion of underrepresented minorities and women. Finally, besides providing unique interdisciplinary training for PhDs and post-docs in fields critical for US technological competitiveness, the Center generates discoveries, concepts and intellectual property useful for start-ups and established companies. Technical Abstract: The Penn Materials Research Science and Engineering Center - MRSEC - facilitates core research of three collaborative and multidisciplinary Interdisciplinary Research Groups (IRGs). IRG-1, Rearrangements and Softness in Disordered Solids, develops fundamental understanding of the organization and proliferation of particle-scale rearrangements in disordered solids deformed beyond the onset of yield; in the process, it identifies strategies for controlling nonlinear mechanical response and enhancing toughness. IRG-2, Structural Chemo-Mechanics of Fibrous Networks, utilizes the nonlinear mechanical responses of fibrous materials to manipulate chemical reactions; these reactions, which are locally controlled by macroscopic stresses applied to the network (chemo-mechanics), offer new means to create novel self-reinforcing and sensing materials. IRG-3, Pluperfect Nanocrystal Architectures, harnesses the interplay of surface chemistry and geometric cues at the nano-scale for organizing nanocrystals into architectures on hard (fabricated) and in soft (reconfigurable) materials that break from structural periodicity to impart novel optical and magnetic response. The research encompasses soft- and hard-matter, and biomaterials. The discoveries and understanding generated underpin future technologies, thereby informing industry, stimulating economy, and offering benefits to society at large. The MRSEC is a national leader in developing a competitive and diverse science and engineering work force in demand by academe, government and industry. It hosts activities that target K-16 to PhD students, post-docs, teachers, regional academic, industrial & governmental scientists, and the general public, emphasizing inclusion of underrepresented minorities and women. Vibrant undergraduate and high school summer programs, Science Cafes, and major partnerships with minority-serving institutions are also included.