Conference: Harold Morowitz Symposium

会议：哈罗德·莫洛维茨研讨会

• 批准号: 1724627
• 负责人: David Smith
• 金额: $ 9.38万
• 依托单位: Santa Fe Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1724627&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Conference; Harold; Morowitz; Symposium

The Santa Fe Institute (SFI) will host the Harold Morowitz Symposium in August 2017. This Symposium will honor the long career of a major figure in the origin of the fields of biophysics and genetics, who also played a significant role in science policy. The two-day Symposium will be divided into two separate sections: first an opportunity for personal recollections of Morowitz's contributions and influences on the participants and second, a focus on a selection of major areas where Morowitz started new fields or made major contributions: genetics, biophysics; and science policy. Morowitz was a leading figure in shaping not only the scientific but also the popular understanding of the geochemical origins of life on Earth. He was a good communicator of science at the popular level and his work resulted in many nontechnical articles and a permanent exhibit on the origin of life at the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. The proposed Symposium will include participants from diverse community of fields, genders and career stages. The results of the event will be published in one of SFI's Intelligence Reports disseminated to a wide variety of readers including those in academia, business and the general publicMorowitz's early academic research and writing often dealt with thermodynamic themes and the pervasive roles of physical principles in biology. Increasingly throughout his career, he turned from searches for minimal life forms to more and more comprehensive attempts to frame the nature and origin of life. Starting in the late 1960s and continuing through the end of his life, Morowitz was a leading figure in shaping the scientific understanding of the geochemical origins of life on Earth. In particular, his writings played a significant role in elaborating one of two frameworks that has become important for understanding life's origins: known as "metabolism first", this view tries to anchor specific, universal features of biochemistry in geochemical constraints, as a precursor and foundation for the later information-dominated view termed the "RNA world".This project is jointly cofounded by the Molecular Biophysics Program in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences and the Physics of Living System in the Division of Physics.

圣达菲研究所将于2017年8月主办哈罗德·莫罗维茨研讨会。本次研讨会将纪念生物物理学和遗传学起源领域的一位重要人物的长期职业生涯，他在科学政策方面也发挥了重要作用。为期两天的研讨会将分为两个独立的部分：第一个是个人回忆莫罗维茨的贡献和对与会者的影响的机会，第二个是选择莫罗维茨开创新领域或做出重大贡献的主要领域：遗传学、生物物理学和科学政策。莫罗维茨是一位领军人物，他不仅塑造了对地球上生命的地球化学起源的科学理解，也形成了对地球生命的普遍理解。他在大众层面上是一位很好的科学传播者，他的工作导致了许多非技术性文章，并成为新墨西哥州自然历史和科学博物馆关于生命起源的永久展览。拟议的研讨会将包括来自不同领域、性别和职业阶段的与会者。此次活动的结果将发布在SFI的一份情报报告中，分发给包括学术界、商界和普通公众在内的各种读者。莫罗维茨的早期学术研究和著作经常涉及热力学主题和物理原理在生物学中的普遍作用。在他的整个职业生涯中，他越来越多地从寻找最小的生命形式转向越来越全面的试图构建生命的本质和起源。从20世纪60年代末开始，一直持续到他生命的末期，莫罗维茨是形成对地球上生命的地球化学起源的科学理解的领军人物。特别是，他的著作在阐述两个框架中的一个方面发挥了重要作用，这两个框架已经成为理解生命起源的重要框架：被称为“新陈代谢优先”的这一观点试图在地球化学约束中锚定生物化学的具体、普遍的特征，作为后来被称为“RNA世界”的信息主导型观点的先驱和基础。这个项目是由分子和细胞生物科学部的分子生物物理学计划和物理学部的生命系统物理学共同创立的。