MRI Development of the Scripps Ocean Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS)

斯克里普斯海洋大气研究模拟器 (SOARS) 的 MRI 开发

• 批准号: 1727039
• 负责人: Grant Deane
• 金额: $ 280万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1727039&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Scripps; Ocean; Atmosphere

It is critical that we develop tools for improving our understanding of the impacts of natural systems on the climate system as the Earth undergoes unprecedented change. It is difficult to determine the impact of the oceans on clouds and climate in field studies due to complexities added in by human pollution, even out over the oceans. The PIs will development of a state-of-the-art environmental simulator that will allow studies of ocean impacts on clouds and climate in the presence and absence of human based pollution. The Scripps Ocean-Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS), will provide wind, waves, atmospheric, biological, and thermal controls capable of simulating real-world conditions in a laboratory scale simulator. SOARS will simulate the complex and interacting physical, chemical and biological components of the marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) driven by wind, waves, and microbial processes under varying scenarios of temperature, from tropical to polar, atmospheric gas phase concentrations, and ocean pH. An integrated, temperature-controlled smog chamber will allow unique studies of ocean-atmosphere exchange and atmospheric reaction studies. SOARS will be the only instrument in the world capable of studying the current and future states of the ocean/atmosphere system thus uniquely capable of simulating Earth?s rapidly changing ocean-atmosphere system. The ability to simulate biological, physical, and photochemical processes in a controlled laboratory setting will enable interdisciplinary studies at an unprecedented level. SOARS will be housed at the Hydraulics Laboratory (HLab) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). The HLab has been a focal point for oceanic and atmospheric research for more than 50 years, providing experimental facilities for national and international scientists, including UCSD researchers and students. SOARS will support new science by enabling interdisciplinary teams of scientists to collaborate on quantifying ocean-atmosphere exchange and reaction processes. It will serve as a test bed for the next generation of instrumentation thus improving at-sea measurement techniques to address significant unknowns relevant to global change. SOARS will serve as a training tool for the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists cross-trained in marine biology, climate, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, and engineering. In addition, SOARS will facilitate classical fluid dynamical and engineering studies, as well as STEM education through practical demonstrations for UCSD classes on fluid mechanics that the soon-to-be decommissioned Wind Wave channel in the Hydraulics Laboratory has traditionally supported. The HLab and its affiliated wave channels have become popular for outreach activities at SIO (including artists, film makers, news media and on-site educational visits) and supports UCSD?s commitment to diversity. SOARS will leverage diversity programs promoted at SIO and by the Center for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment Center (CAICE), a major future SOARS user. Both SIO and CAICE actively seek opportunities to engage diverse audiences in Earth systems science, and SIO has recently appointed two diversity officers to increase broader participation in the STEM fields by inclusiveness in research, education, and outreach. The motivation for SOARS lies in the critical role the marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) plays in weather, atmospheric chemistry, climate change, national security interests, and offshore civil engineering. SOARS will play a critical role in basic and applied research in these arenas as well as in educating and training the next generation of scientists and engineers working in these fields. The presence of biological, chemical and physical feedbacks on exchanges through the MABL makes the creation of controllable laboratory simulators essential to the understanding of these complex processes. SOARS will enable study of the full complexity of ocean-atmosphere exchange processes through interdisciplinary studies by chemists, biologists and physical oceanographers. Not only is SOARS designed for experiments using wind, waves and biology in natural seawater, with a controllable atmosphere, simulating tropical through polar conditions, but the conditions will also be customizable allowing experiments to unravel natural impacts on clouds and climate, as well as futuristic simulations of increasing CO2 levels and changes in ecosystems. Such studies will allow one to unravel impacts of human versus natural processes on our climate at a unique level.

至关重要的是，随着地球经历前所未有的变化，我们必须开发工具，提高我们对自然系统对气候系统影响的理解。在实地研究中很难确定海洋对云和气候的影响，因为人类污染增加了复杂性，即使是在海洋上也是如此。PIS将开发一种最先进的环境模拟器，该模拟器将能够在存在和不存在人为污染的情况下研究海洋对云和气候的影响。斯克里普斯海洋-大气研究模拟器(SOARS)将提供风、浪、大气、生物和热控制，能够在实验室规模的模拟器中模拟真实世界的条件。Soars将模拟海洋大气边界层(MABL)的复杂和相互作用的物理、化学和生物成分，这些成分由风、波浪和微生物过程驱动，在不同的温度情景下，从热带到极地，大气气相浓度和海洋pH。一个集成的、温度控制的雾霾舱将允许对海洋-大气交换和大气反应研究进行独特的研究。Sauars将是世界上唯一能够研究海洋/大气系统当前和未来状态的仪器，从而唯一能够模拟地球-S快速变化的海洋-大气系统的仪器。在受控实验室环境中模拟生物、物理和光化学过程的能力将使跨学科研究达到前所未有的水平。Soars将被安置在斯克里普斯海洋研究所(SIO)的水力学实验室(HLab)。50多年来，HLab一直是海洋和大气研究的焦点，为包括加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究人员和学生在内的国内和国际科学家提供实验设施。Soars将支持新的科学，使跨学科的科学家团队能够在量化海洋-大气交换和反应过程方面进行合作。它将作为下一代仪器的试验台，从而改进海上测量技术，以解决与全球变化有关的重大未知问题。Soars将作为下一代跨学科科学家的培训工具，这些科学家在海洋生物学、气候、大气科学、海洋学和工程学方面进行交叉培训。此外，SORAS还将通过UCSD流体力学课程的实际演示，促进经典流体力学和工程研究，以及STEM教育，流体力学课程是水力实验室即将退役的风浪通道传统上支持的课程。HLab及其附属WAVE频道在SIO的外展活动(包括艺术家、电影制作人、新闻媒体和现场教育访问)中变得很受欢迎，并支持加州大学圣地亚哥分校S对多样性的承诺。Soars将利用SIO和气溶胶气候与环境影响中心(CAICE)推动的多样性计划，CAICE是未来Soars的主要用户。SIO和CAICE都积极寻找机会让不同的受众参与地球系统科学，SIO最近任命了两名多样性官员，通过在研究、教育和外联方面的包容性，增加对STEM领域的更广泛参与。海洋大气边界层(MABL)在天气、大气化学、气候变化、国家安全利益和近海土木工程中发挥着关键作用，这是导致海洋大气边界层飙升的原因。Soars将在这些领域的基础和应用研究以及教育和培训在这些领域工作的下一代科学家和工程师方面发挥关键作用。通过MABL在交易所提供生物、化学和物理反馈，使得创建可控的实验室模拟器对于理解这些复杂的过程至关重要。SOARS将使化学家、生物学家和物理海洋学家能够通过跨学科研究来研究海洋-大气交换过程的全部复杂性。Sauars不仅是为在自然海水中利用风、波浪和生物进行实验而设计的，大气可控，模拟热带到极地的条件，而且条件也将是可定制的，允许实验揭示对云和气候的自然影响，以及未来对二氧化碳水平增加和生态系统变化的模拟。这样的研究将使人们能够在独特的水平上揭示人类与自然过程对我们气候的影响。