The Determinants State-Level Immigration Law in New Immigrant Destinations

项目标题：新目的地国家的移民法PIs：Hana Brown(维克森林大学)和Jennifer Jones(圣母大学)本项目调查了为什么一些州通过了反移民法律，而另一些州则通过更支持合并的倡议来接纳新来者。调查人员审查了美国南部的移民法，这是一个著名的新移民目的地地区，其特点是州一级的移民治理方法截然不同。研究人员利用采访、媒体分析和档案数据来了解不同执法制度的起源。调查结果将澄清进入影响移民融入的关键机构的模式，这对与新移民人口合作的社区、组织和国家实体具有重大影响。更广泛地说，这个项目将揭示推动拼凑而成的政策体系的力量，该体系越来越多地授予国家以下实体对一系列法律问题的管辖权。在美国和全球，移民法是两种主流趋势的交汇点：将非公民定为刑事化和种族主义，以及将执法工作移交给国家以下各级当局。对州移民法变化的主要解释强调了党派政治、政治意识形态和人口变化的作用。然而，这些范式不能令人满意地解释新移民目的地最近的立法模式。比较两个案例(阿拉巴马州和佐治亚州)和两个案例(密西西比州和北卡罗来纳州)，其中保守的政治和不断增长的拉丁裔人口产生了综合性的反移民法律，而同样的力量却没有相同的结果，这将有助于具体说明推动对移民定罪和扩大各州惩罚权的动态。研究人员研究了跨种族积极分子网络在阻挠执法努力方面的作用。具体地说，该项目考察了黑人-拉丁裔联盟：(1)文化经纪人，种族缔造者，他们战略性地塑造关于黑人-拉丁裔共同性的信念，并在媒体、法律和政治论坛上传播这些种族图式；以及(2)组织经纪人，联络人，他们在既定的法律运动(劳工、民权)中建立或激活网络，以增加支持反移民法律的政治风险，并向立法者施压，要求他们拒绝此类改革。调查结果将有助于阐明社会背景和非国家行为者如何影响移民法，并具体说明倡导组织和法律程序在种族形成过程中发挥的中心作用。随着美国成为少数族裔，这些发现也将对我们理解法律背景在塑造当代美国移民并入和种族主义方面的作用产生重要影响。

Project Title: Immigration Law in New Destination StatesPIs: Hana Brown (Wake Forest University) and Jennifer Jones (University of Notre Dame)This project examines why some states have adopted anti-immigrant laws while others have embraced newcomers with more supportive incorporation initiatives. The investigators examine immigration law in the U.S. South, a prominent new immigrant destination region marked by radically different state-level approaches to immigration governance. The researchers draw on interviews, media analysis, and archival data to understand the origins of different enforcement regimes. Findings will clarify patterns of access to key institutions that affect immigrant incorporation with significant implications for communities, organizations, and state entities that work with new immigrant populations. More broadly, this project will reveal the forces that drive a patchwork policy system that increasingly grants subnational entities jurisdiction across a range of legal issues. In the United States and globally, immigration laws exist at the intersection of two prevailing trends: the criminalization and racialization of non-citizens and the devolution of legal enforcement to subnational authorities. Dominant explanations for variation in state immigration law emphasize the role of partisan politics, political ideology, and demographic change. However, these paradigms cannot satisfactorily explain recent lawmaking patterns in new immigrant destinations. Comparing two cases (Alabama and Georgia) where conservative politics and a growing Latino population gave rise to omnibus anti-immigrant laws to two cases (Mississippi and North Carolina) where the same forces did not have the same result will help to specify the dynamics that drive the criminalization of immigrants and the extension of states' punitive powers. The researchers examine the role of interracial activist networks in thwarting enforcement efforts. Specifically, the project examines Black-Latino coalitions as (1) cultural brokers, race makers who strategically shape beliefs about Black-Latino commonalities and diffuse these racial schemata across media, legal, and political forums and as (2) organizational brokers, liaisons who forge or activate networks across established legal movements (labor, civil rights) to heighten the political risks of supporting anti-immigrant laws and pressure lawmakers to reject such reforms. Findings will help elucidate how social context and non-state actors shape immigration law and specify the central role that advocacy organizations and legal processes play in the racial formation process. As the country becomes majority-minority, such findings will also have important implications for our understanding of the role of the legal context in shaping immigrant incorporation and racialization in the contemporary United States.