The Determinants State-Level Immigration Law in New Immigrant Destinations

项目名称：新目的地州的移民法PI：Hana Brown（维克森林大学）和Jennifer Jones（圣母大学）这个项目研究了为什么一些州通过了反移民法，而另一些州则以更支持性的合并举措来接纳新移民。调查人员研究了美国南部的移民法，这是一个突出的新移民目的地地区，其特点是州一级的移民治理方法截然不同。研究人员利用访谈、媒体分析和档案数据来了解不同执法制度的起源。 调查结果将澄清访问的关键机构，影响移民融入社区，组织和国家实体与新移民人口的工作具有重大意义的模式。更广泛地说，这个项目将揭示推动拼凑政策体系的力量，这种体系越来越多地赠款国家以下各级实体对一系列法律的问题的管辖权。在美国和全球范围内，移民法处于两种流行趋势的交叉点：将非公民刑事定罪和种族化，以及将法律的执行权下放给国家以下各级当局。对州移民法变化的主要解释强调党派政治，政治意识形态和人口变化的作用。然而，这些范式不能令人满意地解释新移民目的地最近的立法模式。将两个案例（亚拉巴马和格鲁吉亚）与两个案例（密西西比和北卡罗来纳州）进行比较，前者的保守政治和不断增长的拉丁裔人口导致了综合反移民法的出台，而后者的相同力量却没有产生相同的结果，这将有助于明确推动移民刑事化和各州惩罚权力扩张的动力。研究人员研究了跨种族活动家网络在阻挠执法工作中的作用。具体而言，该项目将黑人-拉丁裔联盟作为（1）文化经纪人，种族制造者，他们战略性地塑造了关于黑人-拉丁裔共性的信念，并将这些种族图式传播到媒体，法律的和政治论坛，以及（2）组织经纪人，在既定的法律的运动中建立或激活网络的联络人（劳工，民权），以提高支持反移民法的政治风险，并向立法者施压，以拒绝此类改革。调查结果将有助于阐明社会背景和非国家行为者如何塑造移民法，并具体说明倡导组织和法律的进程在种族形成过程中发挥的核心作用。随着美国成为少数民族占多数的国家，这些发现也将对我们理解法律的背景在塑造当代美国移民融入和种族化方面的作用产生重要影响。

Project Title: Immigration Law in New Destination StatesPIs: Hana Brown (Wake Forest University) and Jennifer Jones (University of Notre Dame)This project examines why some states have adopted anti-immigrant laws while others have embraced newcomers with more supportive incorporation initiatives. The investigators examine immigration law in the U.S. South, a prominent new immigrant destination region marked by radically different state-level approaches to immigration governance. The researchers draw on interviews, media analysis, and archival data to understand the origins of different enforcement regimes. Findings will clarify patterns of access to key institutions that affect immigrant incorporation with significant implications for communities, organizations, and state entities that work with new immigrant populations. More broadly, this project will reveal the forces that drive a patchwork policy system that increasingly grants subnational entities jurisdiction across a range of legal issues. In the United States and globally, immigration laws exist at the intersection of two prevailing trends: the criminalization and racialization of non-citizens and the devolution of legal enforcement to subnational authorities. Dominant explanations for variation in state immigration law emphasize the role of partisan politics, political ideology, and demographic change. However, these paradigms cannot satisfactorily explain recent lawmaking patterns in new immigrant destinations. Comparing two cases (Alabama and Georgia) where conservative politics and a growing Latino population gave rise to omnibus anti-immigrant laws to two cases (Mississippi and North Carolina) where the same forces did not have the same result will help to specify the dynamics that drive the criminalization of immigrants and the extension of states' punitive powers. The researchers examine the role of interracial activist networks in thwarting enforcement efforts. Specifically, the project examines Black-Latino coalitions as (1) cultural brokers, race makers who strategically shape beliefs about Black-Latino commonalities and diffuse these racial schemata across media, legal, and political forums and as (2) organizational brokers, liaisons who forge or activate networks across established legal movements (labor, civil rights) to heighten the political risks of supporting anti-immigrant laws and pressure lawmakers to reject such reforms. Findings will help elucidate how social context and non-state actors shape immigration law and specify the central role that advocacy organizations and legal processes play in the racial formation process. As the country becomes majority-minority, such findings will also have important implications for our understanding of the role of the legal context in shaping immigrant incorporation and racialization in the contemporary United States.