SpecEES: Secure and Fair Spectrum Sharing for Heterogeneous Coexistent Systems

对无线服务需求的急剧增长加剧了严重的频谱短缺，特别是在过度拥挤的未授权频段。满足这一飞速增长的需求的监管方法是允许竞争性无线技术、蜂窝、Wi-Fi、雷达、电视、应急通信等共存。这种共享频谱模式对安全、高效和公平的资源分配提出了新的挑战。其中许多挑战来自于共存系统的异质性、其规模以及缺乏明确的协调机制。尽管最近的一些努力试图解决特定技术的共存问题，但安全有效地协调异构系统的频谱接入的全面和通用方法仍然难以实现。通过促进异构无线系统的公平和安全共存，该项目直接解决了频谱稀缺的挑战。该项目的成果将使许多垂直行业受益，如交通运输，制造业，农业，关键国家基础设施，电信等。此外，预期的结果将推动包括安全，隐私和通信理论在内的许多科学领域的知识。还为未来的无线和安全专家提供培训机会。该项目的重点是开发一种新的共存框架，用于以安全，高效和隐私保护的方式协调，监控，评估和适应频谱接入。一般的共存模型中，频谱可以水平和/或垂直共享的时间，频率和空间被认为是。对于这个模型，新的公平机制，超越通话时间共享和帐户的不公平，由于空间复用正在研究。这些机制不仅在频率和时间上而且在空间上动态地分配资源，从而产生更公平的共存。此外，由于自私地忽略共存礼仪而导致的不公平情况正在被建模和评估。关键的挑战是在没有显式信令的情况下，在设备和系统级别检测和减轻自私的不当行为。为了克服这一挑战，该项目探索了隐式物理层感知和监控机制，以推断各种操作属性并保护频谱访问。最后，隐私，干扰管理和垂直频谱共享的效率之间的相互作用进行了研究。这里的目标是保护传统运营商部署的资产的位置隐私。自适应位置混淆方法正在开发中，以实现所需程度的隐私，同时最大限度地提高频谱效率。

The dramatic growth in demand for wireless services has fueled a severe spectrum shortage, especially in the overcrowded unlicensed bands. The regulatory approach for meeting this galloping demand is to allow the coexistence of competing wireless technologies, cellular, Wi-Fi, radar, TV, emergency communications, and others. This shared spectrum paradigm poses novel challenges for the secure, efficient, and fair resource allocation. Many of these challenges stem from the heterogeneity of the coexisting systems, their scale, and the lack of explicit coordination mechanisms. Whereas some recent efforts have tried to address the coexistence of specific technologies, a comprehensive and general approach to securely and efficiently coordinate spectrum access for heterogeneous systems remains elusive. By facilitating the fair and secure coexistence of heterogeneous wireless systems, this project directly addresses the spectrum scarcity challenge. The outcomes of this project will benefit many industry verticals such as transportation, manufacturing, agriculture, critical national infrastructure, telecommunications, and others. Moreover, the expected results will advance knowledge in a number of scientific fields including security, privacy, and communication theory. Training opportunities for future wireless and security experts are also provided. This project focuses on developing a novel coexistence framework for coordinating, monitoring, evaluating, and adapting spectrum access in a secure, efficient, and privacy-preserving manner. A general coexistence model in which spectrum can be horizontally and/or vertically shared in time, frequency, and space is considered. For this model, new fairness mechanisms that go beyond airtime sharing and account for unfairness due to spatial multiplexing are being investigated. These mechanisms dynamically allocate resources, not only in frequency and time but also spatially, yielding a fairer coexistence. Moreover, unfairness scenarios due to selfishly ignoring the coexistence etiquette are being modeled and assessed. The critical challenge is to detect and mitigate selfish misbehavior at the device and system level without explicit signaling. To overcome this challenge, the project explores implicit physical layer sensing and monitoring mechanisms that infer various operational attributes and safeguard spectrum access. Finally, the interplay between privacy, interference management, and efficiency in vertical spectrum sharing is investigated. The goal here is to protect the location privacy of assets deployed by legacy operators. Adaptive location obfuscation methods are being developed for achieving a desired degree of privacy while maximizing the spectrum efficiency.