Fundamental Coupling Processes in the Mesosphere, Lower Thermosphere (MLT) Using Enhanced Na Wind-temperature Lidar Measurements at the Atmospheric Lidar Observatory

使用大气激光雷达观测站增强型 Na 风温激光雷达测量来研究中间层、低热层 (MLT) 的基本耦合过程

• 批准号: 1734333
• 负责人: Tao Yuan
• 金额: $ 17.61万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1734333&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fundamental; Coupling; Processes; Mesosphere; Lower

TThis award is to operate a sodium and Rayleigh lidar systems in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (at Logan, Utah). This combined lidar system would be used to undertake correlative studies, addressing new challenges in mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) dynamics as well as extending ongoing work on the study of the interactions of the ionospheric plasma with the neutral atmosphere through collisional interactions. The systems would be capable of measuring three-dimensional wind, neutral temperature and sodium density profiles at high vertical resolution and temporal cadence with a temperature profile for the range from 30 to 115 km and a wind profile for the range from 80 to 105 km. When neutral Na is present at higher altitudes (possibly as a result of sporadic layer formations) the wind and temperature observations can then be extended up to ­140 km into the lower thermosphere. This unprecedented vertical measurement range will, for the first time, allow waves to be studied all the way from the region where they are initiated up to the region where they die out. The facility will also represent an excellent means of training young optical engineering physicists that would then be well suited for many possible career paths in academia and industrial research. The major scientific goals of the research include the following objectives: 1. characterization of gravity wave (GW) propagation, refraction, ducting, and energy and momentum transports in variable environments, e.g., MLT responses to stratospheric warmings, 2. quantification of GW instability dynamics driving energy and momentum deposition, turbulence, heat, momentum, and constituent transports, and mixing, 3. understanding the interactions of GWs with tides and planetary waves, their influences on these fields, and the evolution of the wave spectrum with altitude, and 4. contributing to an improved understanding of ion-neutral coupling in the E region. Studies employing the USU resonance and Rayleigh lidar systems will benefit from current and pending measurement capabilities at the Bear Lake Observatory located nearby the Logan lidar site.

该合同将在北半球中纬度地区（犹他州洛根）运行钠和瑞利激光雷达系统。该组合激光雷达系统将用于开展相关研究，解决中间层和低层热层（MLT）动力学中的新挑战，并扩展正在进行的电离层等离子体与中性大气通过碰撞相互作用的相互作用研究工作。该系统将能够以高垂直分辨率和时间节奏测量三维风、中性温度和钠密度剖面，温度剖面范围为30至115公里，风剖面范围为80至105公里。当中性钠存在于较高高度时（可能是零星层形成的结果），风和温度观测可以延伸至-140公里至较低的热层。这一前所未有的垂直测量范围将首次使人们能够从地震波产生的区域一直研究到它们消失的区域。该设施还将是培训年轻光学工程物理学家的绝佳手段，这些物理学家将非常适合学术界和工业研究领域的许多可能的职业道路。本研究的主要科学目标包括以下几个目标：1。1 .重力波（GW）在不同环境中的传播、折射、传导以及能量和动量输运特性，例如对平流层变暖的MLT响应；2 .量化驱动能量和动量沉积、湍流、热、动量和组分输运以及混合的GW不稳定动力学；3 .了解GWs与潮汐和行星波的相互作用及其对这些场的影响，以及波浪谱随海拔的演变；有助于提高对E区离子中性耦合的理解。采用USU共振和瑞利激光雷达系统的研究将受益于位于洛根激光雷达站点附近的熊湖天文台当前和即将到来的测量能力。

项目成果

Solar Response and Long‐Term Trend of Midlatitude Mesopause Region Temperature Based on 28 Years (1990–2017) of Na Lidar Observations

• DOI: 10.1029/2019ja026759
• 发表时间: 2019-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: C. She;U. Berger;Zhaoai Yan;T. Yuan;F. Lübken;D. Krueger;Xiong Hu

On the Long Lasting “C‐Type” Structures in the Sodium Lidargram: The Lifetime of Kelvin‐Helmholtz Billows in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Region

• DOI: 10.1029/2019ja026630
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: S. Mondal;S. Sarkhel;Jay Agarwal;D. Chakrabarty;R. Sekar;T. Yuan;X. Cai;A. Liu;S. Nozawa;N. Saito;T. Kawahara;M. Mlynczak;J. Russell

Photochemistry on the bottom side of the mesospheric Na layer

中间层Na层底部的光化学

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-3769-2019
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Yuan, Tao;Feng, Wuhu;Plane, John M.;Marsh, Daniel R.
• 通讯作者: Marsh, Daniel R.