Collaborative Research: Coordinated Resonance and Rayleigh Lidar Studies of the Arctic Atmosphere and Geospace Environment

合作研究：北极大气和地球空间环境的协调共振和瑞利激光雷达研究

• 批准号: 1734693
• 负责人: Bifford Williams
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1734693&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Coordinated; Resonance; Rayleigh

This award would would upgrade the upper atmosphere lidar facility located at the Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Alaska (65N, 147W) to achieve a wind and temperature (W&T) measurement capability for the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region using the resonance backscatter returns from the sodium layer to obtain these results. This instrument would be applied to undertake correlative studies addressing new challenges in mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) polar dynamics as well as extending ongoing work on the study of ion-neutral coupling processes. A key element of the award would be the transfer of the Na resonance wind-temperature lidar, currently at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research, Norway (69N, 16E), to the Lidar Research Laboratory (LRL) at PFRR. This lidar system when established at Poker Flat would be capable of measuring three-dimensional wind, neutral temperature and sodium density profiles at high vertical resolution and temporal cadence. The lidar range coverage would normally be 80-105 km, and when neutral Na is present at higher altitudes (sporadic layer formations) can then be extended up to ¡­140 km into the lower thermosphere. This facility will represent an excellent means of training young optical engineering physicists that would then be well suited for many possible career paths in academia and industrial research.The major scientific goals of the research include the following objectives: 1. characterization of gravity wave (GW) propagation, refraction, ducting, and energy and momentum transports in variable environments, e.g., MLT responses to stratospheric warmings, 2. quantification of GW instability dynamics driving energy and momentum deposition, turbulence, heat, momentum, and constituent transports, and mixing, 3. understanding the interactions of GWs with tides and planetary waves, their influences on these fields, and the evolution of the wave spectrum with altitude, and 4. contributing to an improved understanding of ion-neutral coupling in the E region. Studies employing the PFRR lidar system will benefit from current and pending measurement capabilities at PFRR, including ground-based imaging of neutral and plasma dynamics, the construction of a new meteor radar, and in situ measurements made possibly by pending and future rocket measurements. The PFRR lidar team also has extensive modeling capabilities that will continue to benefit the interpretation and understanding of lidar and correlative instrument measurements.

该合同将升级位于阿拉斯加扑克平原研究靶场（PFRR）（65 N，147 W）的高层大气激光雷达设施，以实现中层和低热层（MLT）区域的风和温度（W T）测量能力，使用来自钠层的共振后向散射返回来获得这些结果。 这一仪器将用于开展相关研究，应对中间层和低热层极地动力学方面的新挑战，并扩大正在进行的离子-中性耦合过程研究工作。该合同的一个关键内容是将目前在挪威北极中层大气研究激光雷达观测站（北纬69度，东经16度）的钠共振风温激光雷达转移到太平洋辐射研究所的激光雷达研究实验室。这一激光雷达系统在扑克平原建立后，将能够以高垂直分辨率和时间节奏测量三维风、中性温度和钠密度分布。激光雷达的覆盖范围通常为80-105公里，当中性Na出现在较高的高度（零星的层形成）时，可以延伸到140公里，进入较低的热层。该设施将成为培养年轻光学工程物理学家的绝佳手段，这些物理学家将非常适合学术界和工业研究领域的许多可能的职业道路。研究的主要科学目标包括以下目标：1.重力波（GW）传播、折射、管道以及可变环境中的能量和动量传输的表征，例如，MLT对平流层变暖的响应，2。GW不稳定性动力学驱动能量和动量沉积、湍流、热、动量和组分输送以及混合的量化，3.了解全球Ws与潮汐和行星波的相互作用，它们对这些领域的影响，以及海浪谱随高度的演变;有助于更好地理解E区的离子中性耦合。采用PFRR激光雷达系统的研究将受益于PFRR目前和即将进行的测量能力，包括中性和等离子体动力学的地面成像，新流星雷达的建设，以及可能通过即将进行的和未来的火箭测量进行的现场测量。PFRR激光雷达团队还拥有广泛的建模能力，这将继续有利于激光雷达和相关仪器测量的解释和理解。

项目成果

Lidar Observations of Instability and Estimates of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity Induced by Gravity Wave Breaking in the Arctic Mesosphere

北极中层重力波破碎引起的不稳定性激光雷达观测和垂直涡流扩散率估计

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033450
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Li, Jintai;Collins, Richard;Lu, Xian;Williams, Bifford
• 通讯作者: Williams, Bifford

In Situ Observations of Neutral Shear Instability in the Statically Stable High‐Latitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere During Quiet Geomagnetic Conditions

安静地磁条件下静态稳定的高纬度中间层和低热层中性剪切不稳定性的现场观测

• DOI: 10.1029/2020ja027972
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Mesquita, Rafael L. A.;Larsen, Miguel F.;Azeem, Irfan;Stevens, Michael H.;Williams, Bifford P.;Collins, Richard L.;Li, Jintai
• 通讯作者: Li, Jintai