Collaborative Research: Lidar Studies of Coupling in the Arctic Atmosphere and Geospace

合作研究：北极大气与地球空间耦合的激光雷达研究

• 批准号: 1829138
• 负责人: Bifford Williams
• 金额: $ 34.91万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829138&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Lidar; Studies; Coupling

This research is a three year collaborative effort between researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) and G & A Technical Software Incorporated (GATS) that is aimed at extending the understanding of the dynamics of the complex Arctic atmosphere and geospace regions. Specifically, the dynamical and neutral-plasma coupling in the middle and upper atmosphere would be investigated with a new resonance lidar at Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Chatanika, Alaska, that is a sodium resonance wind-temperature lidar (W&T) system that was recently relocated to PFRR and made operational with observations starting in January 2018. The operations of this instrument would acquire wind and temperature profiles through the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region of 80-110 km that would be coordinated with the on-going operations of six key instruments at PFRR: namely, the volume imaging sodium lidar, the Poker Flat Rayleigh density-temperature lidar, the Poker Flat metal resonance density lidar, a three-channel all sky imager, the Poker Flat Meteor Wind Radar, and the Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar. The research would have a variety of broader impacts addressing fundamental processes in fluid dynamics, aerosol and plasma science while developing new remote sensing technology. The W&T resonance lidar will be operated at the Lidar Research Laboratory at PFRR, and would support the participation of two UAF graduate students as well as visiting students in scientific investigations and engineering projects. The W&T lidar system operations would enhance the Poker Flat Rocket Range research infrastructure, extending the cluster of ground-based suite of instruments at PFRR that would in turn allow new rocket-based investigations at PFRR. The activity will advance integration of satellite and ground-based measurements and inter-comparison, calibration, and validation of remote sensing techniques. The observations, analyses and results of this activity will contribute to national and international programs, including the CAWSES, CEDAR, SEARCH, and SPARC programs. The results of the activity will be disseminated widely through both professional and public outreach programs associated with UAF and NASA. The Arctic atmosphere can be considered as a unique laboratory for investigating atmospheric coupling and understanding how terrestrial meteorology forcing (from below) and space weather activity (from above) combine to determine the overall structure and circulation of the middle and upper atmosphere. The W&T instrument would acquire measurements of sufficient accuracy and precision to allow comparative studies of temperature and wind over daily, seasonal, and yearly time scales. These measurements would provide excellent data supporting studies relating to dynamic coupling, ion-neutral coupling, and aerosol-plasma coupling. The program of lidar measurements would address these topics through observations of specific phenomena: gravity waves, tides, planetary waves, instabilities, mesospheric inversion layers, mesospheric metal layers, extended thermospheric metal layers, sporadic layers, Joule heating, ion drag, ion composition, and noctilucent clouds. The overarching aim of the series of observations would be to achieve a coherent framework for understanding these interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究是阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校 (UAF) 和 G & A 技术软件公司 (GATS) 的研究人员为期三年的合作成果，旨在加深对复杂的北极大气和地球空间区域动态的理解。具体来说，中层和高层大气中的动力和中性等离子体耦合将使用位于阿拉斯加州查塔尼卡的扑克平原研究范围（PFRR）的新型共振激光雷达进行研究，这是一个钠共振风温激光雷达（W＆T）系统，最近搬迁到 PFRR 并于 2018 年 1 月开始进行观测。该仪器的运行将获取风和温度数据 80-110公里的中层和低热层（MLT）区域的剖面图将与PFRR的六种关键仪器的持续运行相协调：即体积成像钠激光雷达、Poker Flat瑞利密度-温度激光雷达、Poker Flat金属共振密度激光雷达、三通道全天成像仪、Poker Flat流星风雷达和 扑克平面非相干散射雷达。该研究将对解决流体动力学、气溶胶和等离子体科学的基本过程产生各种更广泛的影响，同时开发新的遥感技术。 W&T 共振激光雷达将在 PFRR 的激光雷达研究实验室运行，并将支持两名 UAF 研究生以及访问学生参与科学研究和工程项目。 W&T 激光雷达系统的运行将增强 Poker Flat 火箭靶场研究基础设施，扩展 PFRR 的地面仪器套件集群，从而允许在 PFRR 进行新的基于火箭的调查。该活动将推进卫星和地面测量的集成以及遥感技术的相互比较、校准和验证。这项活动的观察、分析和结果将有助于国家和国际项目，包括 CAWSES、CEDAR、SEARCH 和 SPARC 项目。该活动的结果将通过与 UAF 和 NASA 相关的专业和公共外展计划广泛传播。北极大气可以被视为一个独特的实验室，用于研究大气耦合和了解陆地气象强迫（从下面）和空间天气活动（从上面）如何结合起来确定中层和高层大气的整体结构和环流。 W&T 仪器将获得足够准确度和精密度的测量结果，以便在每日、季节和每年的时间尺度上对温度和风进行比较研究。这些测量将为动态耦合、离子-中性耦合和气溶胶-等离子体耦合相关的研究提供良好的数据支持。激光雷达测量计划将通过对特定现象的观测来解决这些主题：重力波、潮汐、行星波、不稳定性、中层反转层、中层金属层、扩展热层金属层、零星层、焦耳热、离子拖曳、离子成分和夜光云。这一系列观察的总体目标是建立一个理解这些相互作用的连贯框架。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Simultaneous in situ measurements of small-scale structures in neutral, plasma, and atomic oxygen densities during the WADIS sounding rocket project

在 WADIS 探空火箭项目期间同时对小型结构的中性、等离子体和原子氧密度进行原位测量

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-11443-2019
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Strelnikov, Boris;Eberhart, Martin;Friedrich, Martin;Hedin, Jonas;Khaplanov, Mikhail;Baumgarten, Gerd;Williams, Bifford P.;Staszak, Tristan;Asmus, Heiner;Strelnikova, Irina
• 通讯作者: Strelnikova, Irina

Sodium Resonance Wind-Temperature Lidar at PFRR: Initial Observations and Performance

PFRR 下的钠共振风温激光雷达：初步观测和性能

• DOI: 10.3390/atmos11010098
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Li, Jintai;Williams, Bifford P.;Alspach, Jennifer H.;Collins, Richard L.
• 通讯作者: Collins, Richard L.

Lidar Observations of Instability and Estimates of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity Induced by Gravity Wave Breaking in the Arctic Mesosphere

北极中层重力波破碎引起的不稳定性激光雷达观测和垂直涡流扩散率估计

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033450
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Li, Jintai;Collins, Richard;Lu, Xian;Williams, Bifford
• 通讯作者: Williams, Bifford

In Situ Observations of Neutral Shear Instability in the Statically Stable High‐Latitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere During Quiet Geomagnetic Conditions

安静地磁条件下静态稳定的高纬度中间层和低热层中性剪切不稳定性的现场观测

• DOI: 10.1029/2020ja027972
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Mesquita, Rafael L. A.;Larsen, Miguel F.;Azeem, Irfan;Stevens, Michael H.;Williams, Bifford P.;Collins, Richard L.;Li, Jintai
• 通讯作者: Li, Jintai