Collaborative Research: Lidar Studies of Coupling in the Arctic Atmosphere and Geospace

合作研究：北极大气与地球空间耦合的激光雷达研究

• 批准号: 1829138
• 负责人: Bifford Williams
• 金额: $ 34.91万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829138&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Lidar; Studies; Coupling

This research is a three year collaborative effort between researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) and G & A Technical Software Incorporated (GATS) that is aimed at extending the understanding of the dynamics of the complex Arctic atmosphere and geospace regions. Specifically, the dynamical and neutral-plasma coupling in the middle and upper atmosphere would be investigated with a new resonance lidar at Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Chatanika, Alaska, that is a sodium resonance wind-temperature lidar (W&T) system that was recently relocated to PFRR and made operational with observations starting in January 2018. The operations of this instrument would acquire wind and temperature profiles through the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region of 80-110 km that would be coordinated with the on-going operations of six key instruments at PFRR: namely, the volume imaging sodium lidar, the Poker Flat Rayleigh density-temperature lidar, the Poker Flat metal resonance density lidar, a three-channel all sky imager, the Poker Flat Meteor Wind Radar, and the Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar. The research would have a variety of broader impacts addressing fundamental processes in fluid dynamics, aerosol and plasma science while developing new remote sensing technology. The W&T resonance lidar will be operated at the Lidar Research Laboratory at PFRR, and would support the participation of two UAF graduate students as well as visiting students in scientific investigations and engineering projects. The W&T lidar system operations would enhance the Poker Flat Rocket Range research infrastructure, extending the cluster of ground-based suite of instruments at PFRR that would in turn allow new rocket-based investigations at PFRR. The activity will advance integration of satellite and ground-based measurements and inter-comparison, calibration, and validation of remote sensing techniques. The observations, analyses and results of this activity will contribute to national and international programs, including the CAWSES, CEDAR, SEARCH, and SPARC programs. The results of the activity will be disseminated widely through both professional and public outreach programs associated with UAF and NASA. The Arctic atmosphere can be considered as a unique laboratory for investigating atmospheric coupling and understanding how terrestrial meteorology forcing (from below) and space weather activity (from above) combine to determine the overall structure and circulation of the middle and upper atmosphere. The W&T instrument would acquire measurements of sufficient accuracy and precision to allow comparative studies of temperature and wind over daily, seasonal, and yearly time scales. These measurements would provide excellent data supporting studies relating to dynamic coupling, ion-neutral coupling, and aerosol-plasma coupling. The program of lidar measurements would address these topics through observations of specific phenomena: gravity waves, tides, planetary waves, instabilities, mesospheric inversion layers, mesospheric metal layers, extended thermospheric metal layers, sporadic layers, Joule heating, ion drag, ion composition, and noctilucent clouds. The overarching aim of the series of observations would be to achieve a coherent framework for understanding these interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究是阿拉斯加Fairbanks（UAF）的研究人员与G＆A技术软件Incorporated（GATS）之间的三年合作，旨在扩展对复杂北极气氛和地理空间地区动态的理解。 Specifically, the dynamical and neutral-plasma coupling in the middle and upper atmosphere would be investigated with a new resonance lidar at Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Chatanika, Alaska, that is a sodium resonance wind-temperature lidar (W&T) system that was recently relocated to PFRR and made operational with observations starting in January 2018. The operations of this instrument would acquire wind and temperature profiles through the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region of 80-110 km that would be coordinated with the on-going operations of six key instruments at PFRR: namely, the volume imaging sodium lidar, the Poker Flat Rayleigh density-temperature lidar, the Poker Flat metal resonance density lidar, a three-channel all sky imager, the Poker Flat Meteor Wind Radar, and the扑克平坦不连贯的散点雷达。这项研究将在开发新的遥感技术的同时，将对流体动力学，气溶胶和等离子体科学的基本过程产生各种更广泛的影响。 W＆T共振激光雷达将在PFRR的LIDAR研究实验室运营，并将支持两名UAF研究生的参与，并拜访学生参加科学研究和工程项目。 W＆T LiDAR系统操作将增强扑克扁平火箭范围研究基础设施，扩展了PFRR的地面仪器套件群，这反过来又可以在PFRR进行新的基于火箭的研究。该活动将推动卫星和基于地面的测量以及对遥感技术的校准，校准和验证的整合。这项活动的观察，分析和结果将有助于包括Cawses，Cedar，Search和SPARC计划在内的国家和国际计划。该活动的结果将通过与UAF和NASA相关的专业和公共外展计划广泛传播。北极大气可以被视为一个独特的实验室，用于研究大气耦合并了解地面气象强迫（从下方）和太空天气活动（从上方）结合起来，以确定中层和上层大气的整体结构和循环。 W＆T仪器将获得足够准确性和精确度的测量，以便对每日，季节性和年度尺度的温度和风进行比较研究。这些测量值将提供与动态耦合，离子中性耦合和气溶胶 - 气皮耦合有关的出色数据支持研究。激光雷达测量程序将通过观察特定现象的观察来解决这些主题：重力波，潮汐，行星波，不稳定性，中学反转层，中层金属层，扩展热层金属层，孢子型金属层，孢子孢子层，孢子虫层，焦耳，焦点，离子拖放，离子拖动，离子牵引和noctiment和noctuctent clinds。一系列观察结果的总体目的是实现理解这些互动的连贯框架。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Simultaneous in situ measurements of small-scale structures in neutral, plasma, and atomic oxygen densities during the WADIS sounding rocket project

在 WADIS 探空火箭项目期间同时对小型结构的中性、等离子体和原子氧密度进行原位测量

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-19-11443-2019
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Strelnikov, Boris;Eberhart, Martin;Friedrich, Martin;Hedin, Jonas;Khaplanov, Mikhail;Baumgarten, Gerd;Williams, Bifford P.;Staszak, Tristan;Asmus, Heiner;Strelnikova, Irina
• 通讯作者: Strelnikova, Irina

Sodium Resonance Wind-Temperature Lidar at PFRR: Initial Observations and Performance

PFRR 下的钠共振风温激光雷达：初步观测和性能

• DOI: 10.3390/atmos11010098
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Li, Jintai;Williams, Bifford P.;Alspach, Jennifer H.;Collins, Richard L.
• 通讯作者: Collins, Richard L.

In Situ Observations of Neutral Shear Instability in the Statically Stable High‐Latitude Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere During Quiet Geomagnetic Conditions

安静地磁条件下静态稳定的高纬度中间层和低热层中性剪切不稳定性的现场观测

• DOI: 10.1029/2020ja027972
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Mesquita, Rafael L. A.;Larsen, Miguel F.;Azeem, Irfan;Stevens, Michael H.;Williams, Bifford P.;Collins, Richard L.;Li, Jintai
• 通讯作者: Li, Jintai

Lidar Observations of Instability and Estimates of Vertical Eddy Diffusivity Induced by Gravity Wave Breaking in the Arctic Mesosphere

北极中层重力波破碎引起的不稳定性激光雷达观测和垂直涡流扩散率估计

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd033450
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Li, Jintai;Collins, Richard;Lu, Xian;Williams, Bifford
• 通讯作者: Williams, Bifford