Collaborative Research: Establishing an Iron Resonance Wind-Temperature Lidar at High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) for Active Studies of Polar Aeronomy

合作研究：在高频主动极光研究计划（HAARP）中建立铁共振风温激光雷达，以积极研究极地航空学

• 批准号: 2048810
• 负责人: Bifford Williams
• 金额: $ 11.27万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048810&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Establishing; Iron; Resonance

The award supports a collaborative effort between researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), Cornell University, G & A Technical Software Incorporated (GATS), the University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VTech), and the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) to build a state-of-the-art solid-state iron resonance wind and temperature lidar system (IRWTL) and to operate this instrument at the high-frequency active auroral research program (HAARP) facility located in Gakona, Alaska (62°N, 145°W). This instrument will be used to conduct a series of coordinated observations with the Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI) at HAARP that will be operated in campaign mode centering upon three major heating experiments. The Arctic atmosphere and the subauroral region are a natural laboratory for understanding plasma-neutral and dynamical coupling in the atmosphere and geospace. The lidar will measure the profile of the ion-neutral collision frequency needed for the determination of D-region electron density profiles from IRI HF radar data. A second application of coordinated IRWTL and IRI measurements is aimed at the investigation of the charge transfer mechanisms in dusty plasmas based on lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds and radar observations of polar mesospheric summer echoes. These coordinated measurements will also study the dynamical forcing of E-region winds using the technique of radar artificial periodic irregularities. The combined IRWTL and IRI observations will be used to study D-region structure as determined from the data collected from the detection of ELF/VLF waves generated by the IRI facility. These studies will have a variety of broader impacts including the study of fundamental processes in plasma physics, aerosols, fluid dynamics while advancing radio science and remote sensing technology and techniques. The award will support research training and professional development of graduate students and two postdoctoral associates. The IRWTL will support the participation of both UAF undergraduate students and visiting students in scientific investigations and engineering projects. This effort fosters collaboration between three universities, an aerospace company, and a national space center.The IRWTL lidar system will enhance the HAARP research infrastructure as a state-of-the-art solid state resonance lidar system using a frequency-stabilized Nd:YAG laser to achieve atmospheric illumination at the iron resonance emission wavelength at 372 nm. During geomagnetically active periods the auroral electrojet and auroral precipitation occur overhead at the HAARP site facilitating HF heating experiments to higher altitude ranges than otherwise would be the case. The IRWTL observations will yield new wind and temperature measurements in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere in both daytime and nighttime throughout the year; these results would be compared with similar wind and temperature observations obtained at the Poker Flat sodium resonance wind and temperature lidar system located in central Alaska to search for evidence of large scale structure in polar mesospheric winds. The observations, analyses and results of this activity will contribute to national and international programs, including CEDAR and SCOSTEP programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯（UAF）、康奈尔大学、GA&技术软件公司（GATS）、科罗拉多大学丹佛分校的研究人员之间的合作努力（CU Denver）、弗吉尼亚理工学院和州立大学（VTech）以及德国航空航天中心（German Aerospace Center）（Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt，德国航天中心）建立一个最先进的固态铁共振风和温度激光雷达系统（IRWTL），并在高频主动极光研究计划（HAARP）中操作这一仪器位于阿拉斯加加科纳（62°N，145°W）的工厂。该仪器将用于与HAARP的电离层研究仪器进行一系列协调观测，电离层研究仪器将以三个主要加热实验为中心在活动模式下运行。北极大气层和极光下区域是了解大气层和地球空间等离子体中性和动力耦合的天然实验室。激光雷达将测量离子-中性碰撞频率的分布，这是根据IRI高频雷达数据确定D区电子密度分布所需的。 协调IRWTL和IRI测量的第二个应用程序的目的是在尘埃等离子体的电荷转移机制的调查的基础上，激光雷达观测极地中层云和雷达观测极地中层夏季回波。这些协调的测量还将使用雷达人工周期不规则性技术研究E区风的动力强迫。IRWTL和IRI的组合观测将用于研究D区结构，该结构是根据IRI设施产生的ELF/VLF波的探测所收集的数据确定的。这些研究将产生各种更广泛的影响，包括研究等离子体物理学、气溶胶、流体动力学的基本过程，同时推进无线电科学和遥感技术。该奖项将支持研究生和两名博士后助理的研究培训和专业发展。IRWTL将支持UAF本科生和访问学生参与科学调查和工程项目。IRWTL激光雷达系统将增强HAARP研究基础设施，作为最先进的固态共振激光雷达系统，使用频率稳定的Nd：YAG激光器在铁共振发射波长372 nm处实现大气照明。在地磁活跃期间，极光电射流和极光降水发生在HAARP站点的上空，促进HF加热实验到更高的高度范围，而不是其他情况。IRWTL观测将产生新的风和温度测量在中间层较低的热层在白天和夜间全年;这些结果将与类似的风和温度观测在扑克平坦钠共振风和温度激光雷达系统位于阿拉斯加中部，寻找大尺度结构的证据极地中间层风。这项活动的观察、分析和结果将有助于国家和国际计划，包括CEDAR和SCOSTEP计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。