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Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Beaching in the Central Equatorial Pacific

赤道中部太平洋珊瑚礁搁浅的骨骼记录

基本信息

批准号：
1737311
负责人：
Anne Cohen
金额：
$ 42.75万
依托单位：
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2020-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1737311&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Skeletal Records Coral Reef Beaching

项目摘要

Ocean warming kills corals and efforts are underway to identify and protect coral reefs that may withstand the projected 21st century rise in tropical ocean temperatures. Coral reefs in the central equatorial Pacific (CEP) have been exposed to episodes of extreme warmth every 3-7 years for centuries, if not millennia, yet remain highly productive ecosystems. Initial data obtained by the investigator from stress signatures archived in the skeletons of long lived coral species, suggests that CEP reefs lose their symbiotic algae or bleach, sometimes severely, during warm episodes. The observation that CEP reefs bleach repetitively yet remain productive implies uncommon resilience to ocean warming. The investigator will use laboratory experiments and field observations to validate skeletal records of historical bleaching. A successful outcome will provide novel and valuable insights into the resilience of the CEP reefs and a new tool with which to identify thermally tolerant coral reef ecosystems across the tropics. Additionally, this project includes mentorship of a postdoc and six undergraduate or high school students, outreach through presentations and media, and expansion of publically available software for coral stress band analysis.Ocean warming projections indicate severe impacts to coral reefs will occur on an annual basis within the next few decades. Consequently, a coordinated effort is underway to identify reefs that might survive these changes. The investigator will test the hypothesis that such reefs exist at the epicenter of influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), where strong inter-annual temperature variability creates conditions conducive for the development of thermal resilience. The project uses laboratory-based bleaching experiments and actual stress signatures accreted by wild corals during the 2015 El Niño to validate signatures of historical bleaching archived in the skeletons of massive reef building corals. In addition the investigator will use new, long cores from the CEP to build a robust dataset of historical bleaching back to the 1800's. A successful outcome will increase confidence in the interpretation of skeletal stress bands as quantitative bleaching proxies and enable the reconstruction of the history of coral reef bleaching and recovery in the CEP.

海洋变暖会杀死珊瑚，人们正在努力识别和保护可能承受预计21世纪热带海洋温度上升的珊瑚礁。赤道太平洋中部（CEP）的珊瑚礁在过去的几个世纪里，即使不是几千年，也会每3-7年经历一次极端温暖，但仍然保持着高度高产的生态系统。研究人员从保存在长寿珊瑚物种骨骼中的压力特征中获得的初步数据表明，在温暖时期，CEP珊瑚礁会失去共生藻类或漂白，有时会严重漂白。观察到CEP珊瑚礁反复漂白但仍保持生产力，这意味着对海洋变暖的不寻常的恢复能力。研究者将使用实验室实验和实地观察来验证骨骼漂白的历史记录。一个成功的结果将为CEP珊瑚礁的恢复力提供新颖而有价值的见解，并为识别热带地区的耐热珊瑚礁生态系统提供新工具。此外，该项目还包括指导一名博士后和六名本科生或高中生，通过演讲和媒体进行推广，并扩展用于珊瑚应力带分析的公共软件。海洋变暖预测表明，在未来几十年内，每年都会对珊瑚礁造成严重影响。因此，一项协调一致的努力正在进行中，以确定可能在这些变化中幸存下来的珊瑚礁。研究人员将测试这样一个假设，即这些珊瑚礁存在于厄尔Niño-Southern涛动（ENSO）的影响中心，在那里，强烈的年际温度变化为热弹性的发展创造了有利条件。该项目使用实验室漂白实验和2015年El Niño期间野生珊瑚增加的实际应力特征来验证大型造礁珊瑚骨架中存档的历史漂白特征。此外，研究人员将使用来自CEP的新的长岩芯来建立一个可追溯到19世纪的历史漂白数据集。一个成功的结果将增加对骨骼应力带作为定量白化指标的解释的信心，并使CEP中珊瑚礁白化和恢复的历史得以重建。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Skeletal records of bleaching reveal different thermal thresholds of Pacific coral reef assemblages

白化的骨骼记录揭示了太平洋珊瑚礁组合的不同热阈值

DOI：
10.1007/s00338-019-01803-x
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Coral Reefs
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Mollica, Nathaniel R.;Cohen, Anne L.;Alpert, Alice E.;Barkley, Hannah C.;Brainard, Russell E.;Carilli, Jessica E.;DeCarlo, Thomas M.;Drenkard, Elizabeth J.;Lohmann, Pat;Mangubhai, Sangeeta
通讯作者：
Mangubhai, Sangeeta

Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef overthe past six decades (1960–2016)

过去六十年（1960 年至 2016 年）太平洋中部珊瑚礁反复白化