CPS: TTP Option: Medium: Building a Smart City Economy and Information Ecosystem to Motivate Pro-Social Transportation Behavior

自20世纪中期以来，城市的增长和扩张导致了对私人汽车的强烈依赖。在过去的几年里，城市规划者开始重新思考城市的交通方式，并最终意识到一个真正可持续的交通和城市环境，需要向多式联运转变。在PittSmartLiving项目中，我们以整体的方式看待多式联运的转变。特别是，我们将设计、开发、部署和评估一个平台，该平台将整合来自所有相关利益相关者（通勤者、运输运营商和当地企业）的信息，并使其激励一致，以提高公共交通的利用率和质量。由此产生的网络物理系统将(1)为通勤者提供到达和使用所有相关公共交通工具的实时信息（例如，公共汽车，地铁，班车，自行车等），以及(2)围绕多模式交通建立一个市场，企业可以向附近的通勤者提供与此交通信息相关的时间敏感激励（例如，下一辆公共汽车太满了，进来享受1美元的咖啡）。这不仅有可能通过平衡公共交通网络的利用率（例如，将一些需求从高峰时间转移）来改善整体乘客体验，而且还可以优化当地企业的客流。重点将放在开发能够提供所需服务的机制，同时尊重通勤者的隐私期望。作为该项目的一部分，将部署一个前所未有的实验性基础设施（在匹兹堡的奥克兰和市中心地区），这将使pi能够确定一套激励机制，使通勤者在真实的城市环境中转向公共交通。这是城市核心第一次真正成为一个实验室，科学家和工程师可以在这里进行旨在提高城市居民生活质量的实验。本项目预期的主要技术贡献可以总结如下。(1)发展一个整体的城市交通系统，平衡公共交通网络和当地商业的利用，从而不仅改善公共交通，而且改善城市总体生活。(2)设计和评价整合和协调各利益相关者激励的市场机制。(3)将注意力从时间效率（例如，最快的路线）转移到更可持续的通勤（例如，公共交通，骑自行车等）以及面向居民福祉的通勤选择（例如，“美丽”路线，“干净”路线，“可达”路线等）关于这个项目的更多信息可以在http://PittSmartLiving.org上找到

The growth and expansion of cities since the mid 20th century has led to a strong dependency on private automobiles. During the last years, urban planners have started rethinking the mobility modes in a city and have finally realized that a truly sustainable transportation and urban environment in general, requires a shift to multimodal transportation. In the PittSmartLiving project, we view the shift to multimodal transportation in a holistic way. In particular, we will design, develop, deploy, and evaluate a platform that will integrate information from and align the incentives of all involved stakeholders (commuters, transport operators, and local businesses) towards increasing the utilization and quality of public transportation. The resulting Cyber-Physical system will (1) provide commuters with real-time information of arrival and utilization of all relevant options of public transit (e.g., bus, subway, shuttles, bikes, etc.), and (2) build a marketplace around multimodal mobility, where businesses can offer time-sensitive incentives connected to this transit information to nearby commuters (e.g., the next bus is too full, come in and enjoy $1 coffee). This has the potential to improve not only the overall ridership experience by balancing utilization across public transportation networks (e.g., shifting some of the demand away from the peak hours), but also to optimize customer flows in local businesses. Significant emphasis will be given to the development of mechanisms that will be able to deliver the required services while respecting the privacy expectations of the commuters. As part of this project, an unprecedented experimental infrastructure will be deployed (in the Oakland and Downtown areas of Pittsburgh) that will allow the PIs to identify a set of incentive mechanisms that can shift commuters to public transportation in a real urban environment. This is the first time that an urban core truly becomes a laboratory, where scientists and engineers can run experiments aimed at improving the quality of life of city-dwellers. The main expected technical contributions of this project can be summarized as follows. (1) Development of a holistic urban transportation system that balances utilization across both public transportation networks and local businesses, thus improving not only public transit but also general urban living. (2) Design and evaluation of the market mechanism that integrates and aligns the incentives of various stakeholders. (3) Shift of attention from temporal efficiency (i.e., fastest route) to more sustainable commuting (e.g., public transit, biking etc.) as well as commuting options geared towards the well-being of dwellers (e.g., "beautiful" routes, "clean" routes, "accessible" routes etc.)Additional information about this project can be found at http://PittSmartLiving.org