Tracing Past Methane Variations with Stable Isotopes in Antarctic Ice Cores
用南极冰芯中的稳定同位素追踪过去的甲烷变化
基本信息
- 批准号:1745078
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 48.94万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2018
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2018-08-01 至 2023-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project will develop methods to measure the ratios of carbon-13 to carbon-12, and heavy to light hydrogen in methane in air trapped in ice cores. The ratios of the different forms of carbon and hydrogen are "fingerprints" of different sources of this gas in the past--for example wetlands in the tropics versus methane frozen in the sea floor. Once the analysis method is developed, the measurements will be used to examine why methane changed abruptly in the past, both during the last ice age, and during previous warm periods. The data will be used to understand how methane sources like wildfires, methane hydrates, and wetlands respond to climate change. This information is needed to understand future risks of large changes in methane in the atmosphere as Earth warms. The project involves two tasks. First, the investigators will build and test a gas extraction system for methane isotopic measurements using continuous flow methods, with the goal of equaling or bettering the precision attained by the few other laboratories that make these measurements. The system will be interfaced with existing mass spectrometers at Oregon State University. The system consists of a vacuum chamber and sequence of traps, purification columns, and furnaces that separate methane from other gases and convert it to carbon dioxide or hydrogen for mass spectrometry. Second, the team will measure the isotopic composition of methane across large changes in concentration associated with two past interglacial periods and during abrupt methane changes of the last ice age. These measurements will be used to understand if the main reason for these concentration changes is climate-driven changes in emissions from wetlands, or whether other sources are involved, for example methane hydrates or wildfires.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
该项目将开发方法来测量被困在冰芯中的空气中甲烷中碳-13与碳-12的比率,以及重氢与轻氢的比率。不同形式的碳和氢的比例是过去这种气体的不同来源的“指纹”--例如热带湿地和冻结在海底的甲烷。一旦分析方法被开发出来,这些测量将被用来研究甲烷为什么在过去的冰河时期和之前的暖期突然变化。这些数据将被用来了解野火、甲烷水合物和湿地等甲烷来源如何应对气候变化。这些信息是理解随着地球变暖,大气中甲烷发生重大变化的未来风险所必需的。该项目涉及两项任务。首先,研究人员将使用连续流动方法建造和测试甲烷同位素测量的气体提取系统,目标是达到或提高少数几个进行这些测量的其他实验室所达到的精度。该系统将与俄勒冈州立大学现有的质谱仪连接。该系统由真空室和一系列捕集器、净化柱和炉子组成,这些设备将甲烷从其他气体中分离出来,并将其转化为二氧化碳或氢气用于质谱分析。其次,该团队将测量甲烷的同位素组成,包括与过去两个间冰期相关的浓度大幅变化,以及上一个冰期甲烷的突然变化。这些测量将被用来了解这些浓度变化的主要原因是否是气候驱动的湿地排放变化,或者是否涉及其他来源,例如甲烷水合物或野火。这一裁决反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Methane, ethane, and propane production in Greenland ice core samples and a first isotopic characterization of excess methane
- DOI:10.5194/cp-19-999-2023
- 发表时间:2023-05
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.3
- 作者:Michaela Mühl;J. Schmitt;B. Seth;James E. Lee;J. Edwards;E. Brook;T. Blunier;H. Fischer
- 通讯作者:Michaela Mühl;J. Schmitt;B. Seth;James E. Lee;J. Edwards;E. Brook;T. Blunier;H. Fischer
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Edward Brook其他文献
Past abrupt changes, tipping points and cascading impacts in the Earth system
过去地球系统中的突然变化、临界点和连锁影响
- DOI:
10.1038/s41561-021-00790-5 - 发表时间:
2021-07-29 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:16.100
- 作者:
Victor Brovkin;Edward Brook;John W. Williams;Sebastian Bathiany;Timothy M. Lenton;Michael Barton;Robert M. DeConto;Jonathan F. Donges;Andrey Ganopolski;Jerry McManus;Summer Praetorius;Anne de Vernal;Ayako Abe-Ouchi;Hai Cheng;Martin Claussen;Michel Crucifix;Gilberto Gallopín;Virginia Iglesias;Darrell S. Kaufman;Thomas Kleinen;Fabrice Lambert;Sander van der Leeuw;Hannah Liddy;Marie-France Loutre;David McGee;Kira Rehfeld;Rachael Rhodes;Alistair W. R. Seddon;Martin H. Trauth;Lilian Vanderveken;Zicheng Yu - 通讯作者:
Zicheng Yu
Edward Brook的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Edward Brook', 18)}}的其他基金
Investigation of Past Atmospheric Methane Variability with Stable Isotopes in Antarctic Ice Cores
用南极冰芯稳定同位素研究过去大气甲烷变化
- 批准号:
2324307 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating the Rate of Potential Biological in Situ Gas Production of CO and CH4 in Arctic Ice
合作研究:研究北极冰中 CO 和 CH4 的潜在生物原位产气率
- 批准号:
2139295 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
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STC: Center for OLDest Ice EXploration
STC:最古老的冰探索中心
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2019719 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Cooperative Agreement
Deciphering Changes in Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide Concentration During the Last Ice Age Using the Intramolecular Site-Preference of Nitrogen Isotopes
利用氮同位素的分子内位点偏好破译最后一个冰河时期大气一氧化二氮浓度的变化
- 批准号:
1903681 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Snapshots of Early and Mid-Pleistocene Climate and Atmospheric Composition from the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area
合作研究:艾伦山蓝冰区早更新世和中更新世气候和大气成分的快照
- 批准号:
1745006 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
A High Resolution Atmospheric Methane Record from the South Pole Ice Core
南极冰芯的高分辨率大气甲烷记录
- 批准号:
1643722 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Kr-86 as a Proxy for Barometric Pressure Variability and Movement of the SH Westerlies during the last Deglaciation
合作研究:Kr-86 作为上次冰消期期间南半球西风带气压变化和运动的代理
- 批准号:
1543267 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Controls on Variations in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide During the Last 10,000 years
近万年来大气二氧化碳和一氧化二氮变化的控制
- 批准号:
1443550 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Window into the World with 40,000-year Glacial Cycles from Climate Records in Million Year-old Ice from the Allan Hills Blue Ice Area
合作研究:通过艾伦山蓝冰区百万年冰层的气候记录了解 40,000 年冰川循环的世界之窗
- 批准号:
1443276 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Inert Gas and Methane Based Climate Records throughout the South Pole Deep Ice Core
合作研究:整个南极深冰芯基于惰性气体和甲烷的气候记录
- 批准号:
1443472 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 48.94万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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