CAREER: Cross-Instrument Synthesis of Antarctic Radar Sounding Observations

职业：南极雷达探测观测的跨仪器综合

• 批准号: 1745137
• 负责人: Dustin Schroeder
• 金额: $ 67.14万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745137&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Cross; Instrument; Synthesis; Antarctic

Earth's geologic record shows that the great ice sheets have contributed to rates of sea-level rise that have been much higher than those observed today. That said, some sectors of the current Antarctic ice sheet are losing mass at large and accelerating rates. One of the primary challenges for placing these recent and ongoing changes in the context of geologically historic rates, and for making projections decades to centuries into the future, is the difficulty of observing conditions and processes beneath the ice sheet. Whereas satellite observations allow tracking of the ice-surface velocity and elevation on the scale of glacier catchments to ice sheets, airborne ice-penetrating radar has been the only approach for assessing conditions on this scale beneath the ice. These radar observations have been made since the late 1960s, but, because many different instruments have been used, it is difficult to track change in subglacial conditions through time. This project will develop the technical tools and approaches required to cross-compare among these measurements and thus open up opportunities for tracking and understanding changes in the critical subglacial environment. Intertwined with the research and student training on this project will be an outreach education effort to provide middle school and high school students with improved resources and enhanced exposure to geophysical, glaciological, and remote-sensing topics through partnership with the National Science Olympiad.The radar sounding of ice sheets is a powerful tool for glaciological science with broad applicability across a wide range of cryosphere problems and processes. Radar sounding data have been collected with extensive spatial and temporal coverage across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, including areas where multiple surveys provide observations that span decades in time or entire cross-catchment ice-sheet sectors. However, one major obstacle to realizing the scientific potential of existing radar sounding observations in Antarctica is the lack of analysis approaches specifically developed for cross-instrument interpretation. This project aims to directly address these barriers to full utilization of the collective Antarctic radar sounding record by developing a suite of processing and interpretation techniques to enable the synthesis of radar sounding data sets collected with systems that range from incoherent to coherent, single-channel to swath-imaging, and digital to optically-recorded radar sounders. The approaches will be assessed for two target regions: the Amundsen Sea Embayment and the Siple Coast. All pre- and post-processed sounding data produced by this project will be publically hosted for use by the wider research community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球的地质记录表明，巨大的冰盖导致了海平面上升的速度，比今天观察到的要高得多。 也就是说，目前南极冰盖的一些部分正在大规模加速失去质量。将这些最近和正在发生的变化置于地质历史速率的背景下，并对未来几十年至几个世纪进行预测的主要挑战之一是难以观察冰盖下的条件和过程。 虽然卫星观测可以跟踪冰川集水区到冰盖规模的冰面速度和海拔，但机载冰穿透雷达是评估冰下这种规模条件的唯一方法。 这些雷达观测是从20世纪60年代末开始的，但是，由于使用了许多不同的仪器，很难跟踪冰下条件随时间的变化。 该项目将开发必要的技术工具和方法，对这些测量结果进行交叉比较，从而为跟踪和了解关键冰下环境的变化提供机会。 在该项目的研究和学生培训期间，将开展一项外联教育工作，为中学生提供更好的资源，并加强对地球物理、冰川学、雷达探测冰盖是冰川学科学的一个有力工具，广泛适用于各种冰冻圈问题和过程。收集的雷达探测数据在空间和时间上广泛覆盖整个南极洲西部冰盖，包括多次调查提供的观测跨越数十年的地区或整个跨流域冰盖部分。然而，实现南极洲现有雷达探测观测的科学潜力的一个主要障碍是缺乏专门为跨仪器判读而开发的分析方法。该项目旨在直接解决这些妨碍充分利用南极集体雷达探测记录的障碍，方法是开发一套处理和解释技术，以便能够综合利用从非相干到相干、从单通道到条带成像、从数字到光学记录的雷达探测器等系统收集的雷达探测数据集。 将对两个目标区域的方法进行评估：阿蒙森海湾和西普尔海岸。 该项目产生的所有预处理和后处理的探测数据将被托管，以供更广泛的研究界使用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

Antarctic Topographic Realizations and Geostatistical Modeling Used to Map Subglacial Lakes

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jf005420
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
• 作者: E. Mackie;Dustin M. Schroeder;J. Caers;Matthew R. Siegfried;C. Scheidt

Automated detection and characterization of Antarctic basal units using radar sounding data: demonstration in Institute Ice Stream, West Antarctica

使用雷达探测数据自动检测和表征南极基本单元：在南极洲西部冰流研究所进行演示

• DOI: 10.1017/aog.2020.27
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Annals of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Goldberg M

Joint Active and Passive Microwave Thermometry of Ice Sheets

冰盖主动和被动联合微波测温

• DOI: 10.1109/tgrs.2023.3255219
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
• 影响因子: 8.2
• 作者: Broome, Anna L.;Schroeder, Dustin M.;Johnson, Joel T.
• 通讯作者: Johnson, Joel T.

Radar Characterization of Ice Crystal Orientation Fabric and Anisotropic Viscosity Within an Antarctic Ice Stream

南极冰流内冰晶取向结构和各向异性粘度的雷达表征

• DOI: 10.1029/2022jf006673
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
• 作者: Jordan, T. M.;Martín, C.;Brisbourne, A. M.;Schroeder, D. M.;Smith, A. M.
• 通讯作者: Smith, A. M.

Geospatial simulations of airborne ice-penetrating radar surveying reveal elevation under-measurement bias for ice-sheet bed topography

机载透冰雷达测量的地理空间模拟揭示了冰盖床地形的高程欠测量偏差

• DOI: 10.1017/aog.2020.35
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Annals of Glaciology
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Bartlett, Oliver T.;Palmer, Steven J.;Schroeder, Dustin M.;MacKie, Emma J.;Barrows, Timothy T.;Graham, Alastair G.
• 通讯作者: Graham, Alastair G.