EAGER: Community-Driven Ice Penetrating Radar Systems for Observing Complex Ice-Sheet Thermal Structure and Flow

了解冰的结构、深度、内部流速和基础条件是了解格陵兰岛和南极洲当前和未来冰川和冰盖行为的关键。大多数无线电冰川学研究项目都局限于在感兴趣的地区碰巧已经存在的任何机载破冰雷达（IPR）数据。收集新的知识产权数据是一个漫长而缓慢的过程，通常远远超出了个别研究小组的范围，特别是在资源密集的南极冰川学研究中。该提案旨在实地测试和验证两种社区驱动的仪器，以帮助解决南极研究中的这一空白：雪地摩托牵引雷达和无人机（UAV）系统。这两个系统都基于一个通用的软件控制系统，并共享相同的代码和后处理工具。作为该提案的一部分，该代码将在开源许可下提供给其他研究人员使用和修改，以及使用商用部件创建兼容硬件设置的说明，以便他们能够以更高的容量和更低的成本研究冰川和冰盖。雪地摩托牵引雷达将是一个多频率、偏振啁啾雷达系统，旨在照亮冰层界面的热、材料和粗糙度特性。PEREGRINE无人机系统是一种带宽为56兆赫的啁啾雷达，内置在一架小型固定翼无人飞机上，可以打包到一个鹈鹕箱中进行快速小规模调查。这些系统测量的变量是预测南极冰盖未来行为的关键观测数据。该项目为期两年，计划在格陵兰的Summit站进行两个季节的现场测试，因为需要在厚而冷的冰盖上进行测试，并且与南极洲相比，在北极进行支持仪器测试的成本和风险较低。野外季节之间的时间将用于启动或继续与有兴趣将我们的仪器纳入未来野外工作或将我们的核心雷达系统改造成新仪器的研究人员进行对话。这将使我们有机会开发新的能力来响应这些反馈，并在第二个油田季节进行相关的系统测试。第二个实地季节之后的一段时间保留用于开发详细的文档，并为代码和系统的公开发布做准备。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Understanding ice structure, depth, internal velocity, and basal conditions is key to understanding current and future glacier and ice sheet behavior in Greenland and Antarctica. Most radio glaciology research projects are limited to whatever airborne ice-penetrating radar (IPR) data happens to already exist in the area of interest. Collecting new IPR data is a long and slow process, usually well outside the scope of individual research teams, especially in resource-intensive Antarctic glaciology research. This proposal seeks to field-test and validate two community-driven instruments that help address this gap in Antarctic research: a snowmobile-towed radar as well as a UAV (uncrewed aerial vehicle) system. Both systems are based off a common software control system and share the same code and post-processing tools. As part of this proposal, this code will be made available under an open-source license for other researchers to use and adapt, along with instructions for creating compatible hardware setups from commercially available parts, in order for them to be able to study glaciers and ice sheets at higher capacity and lower cost.The snowmobile-towed radar will be a multi-frequency, polarimetric chirped radar system designed to illuminate thermal, material, and roughness properties at the ice-bed interface. The PEREGRINE UAV system is a chirped radar with 56 MHz of bandwidth built into a small fixed-wing uncrewed aircraft that packs away into a single Pelican case for rapid small-scale surveys. The variables to be measured by these systems are critical observational data for projecting future behavior of the Antarctic ice sheet. The project spans two years and incorporates two seasons of field testing planned for Summit Station, Greenland, due to the need to test on a thick, cold ice sheet as well as the lower cost and risk of supporting instrument testing in the Arctic compared to Antarctica. The period between the field seasons will be used to initiate or continue conversations with researchers interested in incorporating our instruments into future fieldwork or adapting our core radar system into new instruments. This will give us an opportunity to develop new capabilities in response to this feedback and conduct relevant system tests during the second field season. A period after the second field season is reserved for the development of detailed documentation and preparation for the open release of code and systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.