Workshop on coupling of tectonic and surface processes across spatio-temporal scales

地貌和构造过程之间反馈的发现，彻底改变了对造山机制以及地貌和气候之间相互作用的理解。虽然基础已经建立，但耦合的细节仍然存在争议。在地质记录中将气候和侵蚀的影响与构造的影响分开仍然是一个挑战。研究这些相互作用的一种方法是计算机模型，该模型将地表和构造过程耦合起来，以便量化各种地质和地貌参数的影响。这允许测试来自实地观测的假设，并开发新的表面过程构造假说。该项目支持一个研讨会，该研讨会聚集了美国和国际领先的地球科学家，他们使用和开发长期构造和景观演化模型，讨论有可能彻底改变对地表过程和构造之间相互作用的理解的数值技术，以及解决一些最困难的技术挑战，以开发需要在高度不同的空间和时间尺度上耦合的模型。该研讨会通过女性和代表性不足的少数群体的参与，以及通过早期职业科学家，博士后学者和学生参与研讨会，发展多元化，具有全球竞争力的STEM劳动力，推进预期的社会成果。该项目支持美国和国际科学家参加研讨会，该研讨会将于2018年在德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校举行。研讨会的第一个目标是开发下一代耦合表面过程和长期构造模型，以探索连接构造，气候和景观演化的关键问题。这将需要界定两个社区所使用的数字技术，并确定在不同的时间和空间尺度上进行耦合的挑战。第二个目标是加强美国长期构造建模社区，并在NSF支持的地球动力学计算基础设施的长期构造社区和NSF支持的社区表面动力学建模系统的表面过程社区之间建立新的联系/合作。将两个社区结合在一起不仅仅是促进代码开发;每个社区都可以通过为现有问题和想法带来新的视角来帮助其他社区进行科学研究。讲习班与会者将讨论地表过程和岩石圈变形编码的具体、紧迫问题，包括：（1）地形和地形应力的作用;（2）基于物理的侵蚀规律，而不是基于扩散的侵蚀规律;（3）在构造模型中纳入地震周期;（4）在景观演化模型中纳入地震周期;（5）地球动力学和地貌建模中材料属性的3D异质性的重要性;以及（6）将大气作为第三个组件纳入模型。

The discovery of feedbacks between geomorphic and tectonic processes has revolutionized the understanding of the mechanics of mountain building and of the interactions between landscapes and climate. While the basics are established, the details of coupling remain debated. Separating the effects of climate and erosion from the effect of tectonics in the geological record remains a challenge. One approach to study these interactions are computer models that couple surface and tectonic processes in order to quantify the effects of a wide range of geologic and geomorphic parameters. This allows testing hypotheses derived from field observations and to develop new surface process-tectonics hypotheses. This project supports a workshop that gathers leading U.S. and international geoscientists who use and develop long-term tectonic and landscape evolution models to discuss numerical techniques that have the potential of revolutionizing the understanding of the interactions between surface processes and tectonics, as well as solve some of the most difficult technical challenges for developing models that require coupling over highly disparate spatial and temporal scales. The workshop advances desired societal outcomes by participation of women and underrepresented minorities and development of a diverse, globally competitive STEM workforce through engagement of early career scientists, post-doctoral scholars, and students in the workshop.This project supports the participation of U.S. and international scientists in a workshop, which will be held in 2018 at the University of Texas at Austin. The first goal of the workshop is to work to develop the next generation of coupled surface processes and long-term tectonic models to explore key questions linking tectonics, climate, and landscape evolution. This will require defining the numerical techniques used by the two communities and identifying the challenges in coupling across different temporal and spatial scales. The second goal is to strengthen the U.S. long-term tectonics modeling community and build new links/collaborations between the long-term tectonics community at NSF-supported Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics and the surface processes community at NSF-supported Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System. Bringing together the two communities will do more than just facilitate code development; each community can help the other with the science by bringing new perspective to existing questions and ideas. The workshop participants will discuss specific, immediate questions for surface process and lithospheric deformation codes, including: (1) the role of topography and topographic stresses; (2) physically based erosion laws rather than diffusion based; (3) Inclusion of the seismic cycle in tectonic models; (4) inclusion of the seismic cycle in landscape evolution models; (5) the importance of 3D heterogeneity in material properties in both geodynamic and geomorphologic modelling; and (6) incorporation of atmosphere as a third component to models.