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RUI: Methodological and theoretical advances in the perception of multiracial individuals

RUI：多种族个体认知的方法论和理论进展

基本信息

批准号：
1749542
负责人：
Debbie Ma
金额：
$ 36.71万
依托单位：
The University Corporation, Northridge
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-15 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1749542&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Methodological theoretical advances perception

项目摘要

Over the past five decades, the number of individuals in the U.S. identifying as multiracial has increased exponentially. In 2000, the U.S. Census began allowing individuals to indicate more than one race. From 2000 to 2010 alone, such responses increased by 32%, to 9 million. Yet, research suggests that the American multiracial population has grown much faster than the public's ability to perceive individuals as multiracial. For example, a person identifying as both African American and Caucasian will tend to be seen by others as African American only. One explanation is that people have not yet added a concept of multiracialism to the monoracial categories that are woven into the American social fabric. This disconnect between the real and assumed racial identity of a large and rapidly growing segment of the American population carries adverse impacts that have been well-documented by researchers. This project investigates how human minds process and racially categorize the faces of multiracial individuals. It also examines how experiences shape the capacity to view people as multiracial. A better understanding of the cognitive and social influences on the perception of multiracial individuals can be used to help reduce stereotyping, contribute to a more positive identity formation, and foster more harmonious interpersonal relationships.This project first seeks to establish a set of "best practices" for experimentation using multiracial faces. One set of experiments examines differences in how people judge real versus computer-generated multiracial faces. These studies also consider how the categorization of multiracial faces is affected by the range of presented race options. Statistical modeling techniques are used to determine the precise features of a face that lead others to perceive it as multiracial and to create a set of multiracial faces that can be used by other researchers. The second aim of the project is to determine whether multiracial faces constitute a unique category in the minds of perceivers, or if they are perceptually similar to members of a dominant monoracial category. The third aim is to test whether certain personal attributes or life experiences are associated with a higher likelihood of perceiving multiracialism in others. As a Hispanic-Serving and an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institution, California State University, Northridge offers an excellent opportunity to integrate this research project in the training of undergraduate and Master's students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的50年里，美国多种族的人数呈指数级增长。2000年，美国人口普查开始允许个人填写一个以上的种族。仅从2000年到2010年，这类回复就增加了32%，达到900万份。然而，研究表明，美国多种族人口的增长速度远远快于公众认为个人是多种族的能力。例如，一个同时被认定为非裔美国人和白种人的人往往只会被其他人视为非裔美国人。一种解释是，人们还没有将多种族主义的概念添加到编织在美国社会结构中的单一种族类别中。研究人员已经充分证明，美国人口中一个庞大且迅速增长的群体，其真实的种族身份和假设的种族身份之间的脱节带来了不利影响。这个项目研究人类大脑如何处理和种族分类多种族个体的面孔。它还研究了经历如何塑造了将人视为多种族的能力。更好地了解对多种族个人看法的认知和社会影响，可用于帮助减少陈规定型观念，有助于形成更积极的身份，并促进更和谐的人际关系。该项目首先寻求建立一套“最佳实践”，用于使用多种族面孔进行实验。一组实验检验了人们对真实面孔和电脑生成的多种族面孔的判断差异。这些研究还考虑了多种族面孔的分类如何受到呈现的种族选项范围的影响。统计建模技术被用来确定一张脸的精确特征，这些特征会导致其他人认为它是多种族的，并创建一组多种族的脸，供其他研究人员使用。该项目的第二个目的是确定多种族面孔是否在感知者的头脑中构成一个独特的类别，或者他们是否在感知上与占主导地位的单一种族类别的成员相似。第三个目的是测试某些个人属性或生活经历是否与更高的感知他人多种族主义的可能性有关。加州州立大学北岭分校是一所面向西班牙裔美国人、亚裔美国人和美洲原住民太平洋岛民的服务机构，为将本研究项目整合到本科生和硕士生的培训中提供了绝佳的机会。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。