CAREER: How do host and pathogen diversity interact to shape disease ecology?

职业：宿主和病原体多样性如何相互作用来塑造疾病生态？

• 批准号: 1750037
• 负责人: Andrea Swei
• 金额: $ 78.24万
• 依托单位: San Francisco State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1750037&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; How; do; host; pathogen

An important goal in ecology is understanding the ways that biological diversity influences the functioning of ecosystems. One aspect of biodiversity that directly impacts human health is its importance in mitigating risk of disease transmission from wildlife. A prominent theory in ecology is that greater diversity of species reduces the risk of disease transmission, through an effect called dilution. Evidence for the dilution effect has been found in several disease systems, including Lyme disease. Greater species diversity of small mammals that serve as hosts for Lyme disease result in less transmission of the disease. However, even in this well-studied system, there is little research on the importance of genetic variation within the Lyme disease pathogen. This project focuses on the Lyme disease system, to address a critical question in disease ecology: how does species diversity of hosts influence pathogen genetic diversity and what does the culmination of these interactions mean for disease risk? This project also will provide research training to undergraduate and graduate students, will develop active learning focused courses on disease ecology, and will engage the public in tick-borne disease biology through citizen science opportunities. This research has clear public health implications as Lyme disease is the most reported tick transmitted disease in the United StatesThis study will incorporate empirical field studies and mathematical modeling to characterize and predict the relationship between host diversity and pathogen genetic diversity in the Lyme disease system in the western United States. Pathogen genotypic diversity will be characterized using novel microfluidics technology and next generation genetic approaches. A stage structured continuous time model approach will be used to characterize and predict the impacts of host diversity on pathogen genotype diversity and disease risk. This study's emphasis on host and pathogen diversity will have important consequences for understanding the community level impacts of diversity on disease ecology in both natural and human systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

生态学的一个重要目标是了解生物多样性影响生态系统功能的方式。生物多样性直接影响人类健康的一个方面是其在减轻野生动物传播疾病风险方面的重要性。 生态学中一个著名的理论是，物种多样性的增加通过一种称为稀释的效应降低了疾病传播的风险。在包括莱姆病在内的几种疾病系统中发现了稀释效应的证据。 作为莱姆病宿主的小型哺乳动物的物种多样性更大，导致疾病的传播更少。 然而，即使在这个研究充分的系统中，也很少有关于莱姆病病原体内遗传变异重要性的研究。该项目的重点是莱姆病系统，以解决疾病生态学中的一个关键问题：宿主的物种多样性如何影响病原体遗传多样性，以及这些相互作用的最终结果对疾病风险意味着什么？该项目还将为本科生和研究生提供研究培训，将开发以疾病生态学为重点的主动学习课程，并将通过公民科学机会让公众参与蜱传疾病生物学。这项研究具有明确的公共卫生意义，因为莱姆病是美国报告最多的蜱传播疾病。这项研究将结合经验性实地研究和数学建模来表征和预测美国西部莱姆病系统中宿主多样性和病原体遗传多样性之间的关系。病原体基因型多样性将使用新的微流体技术和下一代遗传方法进行表征。一个阶段结构的连续时间模型的方法将被用来表征和预测的病原体基因型多样性和疾病风险的影响，主机的多样性。这项研究的重点是宿主和病原体的多样性将有重要的后果，了解社区层面的多样性对疾病生态的影响，在自然和人类system.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Mixed transmission modes promote persistence of an emerging tick‐borne pathogen

混合传播模式促进了新出现的蜱传病原体的持续存在

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3171
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Sambado, Samantha;Salomon, Jordan;Crews, Arielle;Swei, Andrea
• 通讯作者: Swei, Andrea

Comparative Microbiome Profiles of Sympatric Tick Species from the Far-Western United States

• DOI: 10.3390/insects10100353
• 发表时间: 2019-10-01
• 期刊: INSECTS
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Chicana, Betsabel;Couper, Lisa I.;Swei, Andrea
• 通讯作者: Swei, Andrea

Patterns, Drivers, and Challenges of Vector-Borne Disease Emergence

• DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2432
• 发表时间: 2019-12-03
• 期刊: VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Swei, Andrea;Couper, Lisa I.;Bennett, Shannon
• 通讯作者: Bennett, Shannon

Students as ecologists: Strategies for successful mentorship of undergraduate researchers

• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5090
• 发表时间: 2019-04-01
• 期刊: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Emery, Nathan;Hund, Amanda;Swei, Andrea
• 通讯作者: Swei, Andrea

Detection and Isolation of Rickettsia tillamookensis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) From Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) From Multiple Regions of California

加州多个地区的太平洋硬蜱（螨虫：蜱科）中检测和分离蒂拉莫克立克次体（立克次体目：立克次体科）

• DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac038
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Medical Entomology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Paddock, Christopher D;Slater, Kimetha;Swei, Andrea;Zambrano, Maria L;Kleinjan, Joyce E;Padgett, Kerry A;Saunders, Megan E;Andrews, Elizabeth S;Trent, Erin;Zhong, Jianmin
• 通讯作者: Zhong, Jianmin