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CAREER: Exploring Dynamic Antenna Arrays for New Radar Sensing Modalities

职业：探索新雷达传感模式的动态天线阵列

基本信息

批准号：
1751655
负责人：
Jeffrey Nanzer
金额：
$ 50万
依托单位：
Michigan State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-03-15 至 2024-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1751655&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Exploring Dynamic Antenna Arrays

项目摘要

Continual improvement of microwave wireless systems is critical to sustaining new developments in many applications like radar, remote sensing and communications, as well as advancements in broader science and society. However, the ability to improve radio frequency and microwave wireless functionality is inhibited by the platform-centric model in place today, where capability improvements must be achieved by developing new individual systems. Such improvements must often occur without increasing the size, weight, and power of the system, since increasing transmit energy, signal gain, or spatial diversity will result in larger size, aperture, or power, if not all three. This research seeks to break the platform-centric paradigm by investigating new techniques in dynamic distributed antenna arrays, where individual elements in a distributed antenna array use dynamics in time and space to significantly enhance the system functionality. Such dynamic arrays will lead to improvements of radar systems, enabling greater capabilities for sensing the earth and its atmosphere from satellites, improving target discrimination in military radar, and enabling greater safety on autonomous vehicles. In addition, the project will implement an educational plan for teaching new perspectives of antenna array theory and new antenna array design concepts. The outreach plan will educate under-represented student groups in engineering, both at the college and secondary levels, to help expand STEM education in central Michigan.The goal of this research is to explore the use of spatial and temporal dynamics of distributed antenna arrays to create new modalities for radar and remote sensing. In particular, this research will advance knowledge by exploring theoretical methods of formulating array concepts in terms of a physical antenna array dynamics with waveform dynamics, and will investigate new sensing modalities leveraging dynamic antenna arrays. Recent developments by the PI's group and others have led to dramatically increased connectivity between sensors on mobile platforms such as UAVs and autonomous vehicles. Such connectivity and mobility set the stage for truly distributed sensing capabilities, where a new dimension of control and motion of the array elements can be exploited in innovative ways. This research will explore how spatio-temporal dynamics in such distributed arrays can be formulated, analyzed, implemented, and utilized to create new remote sensing modalities. Specifically, the project has the following objectives: 1) Obtain a systematic theory of spatio-temporal modulation in antenna arrays whose elements are dynamic in space and frequency. This will develop the foundations of a new antenna array theory that incorporates spatial frequency domain antenna analysis and spatio-temporal dynamics to open a new dimension of control enabled by dynamic movement of the array elements. 2) Explore the capabilities enabled by dynamic antenna arrays for new radar and remote sensing measurements. This will lead to orders-of-magnitude improvements in the angular resolution of radar measurements, and will enable the creation of new radar measurements.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

微波无线系统的持续改进对于维持雷达、遥感和通信等许多应用领域的新发展以及更广泛的科学和社会进步至关重要。然而，改进无线电频率和微波无线功能的能力受到目前以平台为中心的模式的限制，在这种模式下，必须通过开发新的单独系统来实现能力改进。这样的改进通常不会增加系统的大小、重量和功率，因为增加发射能量、信号增益或空间分集将导致更大的尺寸、孔径或功率，如果不是全部增加的话。这项研究试图通过研究动态分布式天线阵列中的新技术来打破以平台为中心的范式，其中分布式天线阵列中的单个单元使用时间和空间上的动力学来显著增强系统功能。这种动态阵列将导致雷达系统的改进，使从卫星上感知地球和大气的能力更强，改善军用雷达的目标识别能力，并使自动驾驶车辆更安全。此外，该项目将实施一项教育计划，教授天线阵列理论的新视角和新的天线阵列设计概念。该推广计划将在大学和中学两个层面上教育未被充分代表的学生群体，以帮助扩大密歇根州中部的STEM教育。这项研究的目标是探索使用分布式天线阵列的空间和时间动力学来创造雷达和遥感的新模式。特别是，这项研究将通过探索根据具有波形动力学的物理天线阵列动力学来形成阵列概念的理论方法来提高知识，并将研究利用动态天线阵列的新的传感模式。PI的团队和其他人最近的发展导致无人机和自动驾驶车辆等移动平台上的传感器之间的连接性大大提高。这种连接性和移动性为真正的分布式传感能力奠定了基础，在这种能力中，可以以创新的方式利用阵列元素的控制和运动的新维度。这项研究将探索如何制定、分析、实施和利用这种分布式阵列中的时空动力学来创建新的遥感模式。具体来说，本课题的研究目标如下：1)建立了阵元在空间和频率上都是动态的天线阵列的时空调制的系统理论。这将发展一种新的天线阵理论的基础，该理论结合了空间频域天线分析和时空动力学，从而开辟了通过阵元的动态运动实现控制的新维度。2)探索动态天线阵列为新的雷达和遥感测量提供的功能。这将导致雷达测量的角度分辨率提高数量级，并将能够创建新的雷达测量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Angle Estimation Using Wideband Frequency Modulation and an Active Distributed Array

DOI：
10.1109/lmwc.2018.2873249
发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
影响因子：
3
作者：
Stavros Vakalis;Eric Klinefelter;J. Nanzer
通讯作者：
Stavros Vakalis;Eric Klinefelter;J. Nanzer

Analysis of Imageless Ground Scene Classification Using a Millimeter-Wave Dynamic Antenna Array

DOI：
10.1109/tgrs.2022.3169385
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Daniel Chen;J. Nanzer
通讯作者：
Daniel Chen;J. Nanzer

Active Incoherent Millimeter-Wave Imaging Using a 75-GHz Dynamic Antenna Array

使用 75 GHz 动态天线阵列进行有源非相干毫米波成像

DOI：
10.1109/ap-s/usnc-ursi47032.2022.9886575
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/URSI
影响因子：
0
作者：
Chen, Daniel;Vakalis, Stavros;Nanzer, Jeffrey A.
通讯作者：
Nanzer, Jeffrey A.

A 75-GHz Dynamic Antenna Array for Real-Time Imageless Object Detection via Fourier Domain Filtering

通过傅里叶域滤波实现实时无图像物体检测的 75 GHz 动态天线阵列