CAREER: Enhancing urban sustainability: an integrative approach toward synergistic solutions to reduce urban temperatures, air pollution, and water use in a changing climate

这个职业项目解决了三个关键的城市可持续发展挑战：城市变暖和极端高温、空气污染和水资源保护。中心主题是(1)调查城市热岛效应和全球气候变化对空气污染动态的影响，(2)量化干旱条件对城市热岛效应和空气污染动态的影响，(3)探索协同减少城市变暖、空气污染和水使用的解决方案，以及(4)通过综合教育和推广传播研究成果。这项研究旨在促进基础工程和科学知识的发展，并得出可用于解决环境问题的实用研究结论，使这些结论为公共政策和教育提供参考。这些知识对于为城市制定协同缓解极端高温、改善空气质量和减少用水的政策提供可靠的工程和科学基础至关重要。主题(1)和(2)将使用先进的物理化学模型、测量数据驱动的方法和一种新提出的技术来研究，以在气候变化的不确定性下量化城市空气污染的未来。主题(3)将利用主题(1)和(2)项下的科学进展，以便能够对若干与政策有关的研究问题进行量化调查。这些问题集中在旨在降低城市温度和/或城市用水的解决方案对空气污染的潜在好处和意外后果。研究、教育和外展将通过以下方式进行综合和评估：(A)在项目咨询委员会中向政策制定者、公用事业公司和其他利益攸关方传达研究结果，为制定环境政策提供途径，并接受研究的反馈，以确保研究成果能够转化为现实世界；(B)通过为贫困中学生创建以研究为基础的科学模块，开展K-12外展；(C)继续追求身临其境和发自内心的方法，通过创作和表演音乐，使学生和公民与他们的环境有更大的联系，激励他们过可持续的生活；以及(D)培训研究生，并将研究成果纳入南加州大学国际和平研究所的研究生课程。

This CAREER project tackles three critical urban sustainability challenges: urban warming and extreme heat, air pollution, and water conservation. The central themes are to (1) investigate how air pollution dynamics are impacted by both the urban heat island effect and global climate change, (2) quantify how the urban heat island effect and air pollution dynamics are modulated by drought conditions, (3) explore solutions to synergistically reduce urban warming, air pollution, and water use, and (4) disseminate research results using integrated education and outreach. The research aims to strike a balance between advancing fundamental engineering and science knowledge, and achieving practical research conclusions that can be used to solve environmental problems, allowing the conclusions to inform public policy and education. Such knowledge is critical to give cities a sound engineering and science basis for developing policies to synergistically mitigate extreme heat, improve air quality, and reduce water use.Themes (1) and (2) will be investigated using advanced physicochemical modeling, measurement data-driven approaches, and a newly proposed technique to quantify urban air pollution futures under uncertainty in climate change. Theme (3) will make use of scientific advances under themes (1) and (2) to enable the quantitative investigation of several policy-relevant research questions. These questions focus on the potential benefits and unintended consequences on air pollution of solutions intended to reduce urban temperatures and/or urban water use. Research, education, and outreach will be integrated and assessed by: (a) communicating research results to policy makers, utilities, and other stakeholders on a project advisory board, providing pathways for developing environmental policies, and receiving feedback on the research to ensure that it can translate to the real world; (b) carrying out K-12 outreach by creating a research-based science module for underprivileged middle school students; (c) continuing pursuit of an immersive and visceral approach for inspiring students and citizens to live sustainable lives by creating and performing music that gives them a greater connection with their environment; and (d) training graduate students and incorporating research results into the PI's graduate course at USC.