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CAREER: Heat, Work and Information in Quantum Circuits

职业：量子电路中的热、功和信息

基本信息

批准号：
1752844
负责人：
Kater Murch
金额：
$ 50万
依托单位：
Washington University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2024-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1752844&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Heat Work Information Quantum

项目摘要

Thermodynamics is a field of physics which describes quantities such as heat and work and their relationship to entropy and temperature. Originally developed as a theory to optimize the efficiency of heat engines, two extensions of thermodynamics in the last century advanced the theory to the point at which quantum mechanics should be incorporated. First, the identification of the role of information in thermodynamics makes strong connections between heat, entropy and information. Second, extensions of thermodynamics to the realm of microscopic systems in which fluctuations are significant allow the application of thermodynamics at the level of single trajectories of classical particles. Quantum mechanics requires both of these features as information and fluctuations are central to the behavior of quantum systems. The experimental control over single quantum systems that has been achieved in this century places us in a unique position to extend thermodynamics into the quantum regime. Understanding quantum thermodynamics will be increasingly important as quantum machines become more complicated and as classical machines are further miniaturized. The experimental work will utilize microscopic superconducting circuits as artificial atoms and the interaction of these atoms with microwave light to control the atom's environment. The team will conduct a series of experiments elucidating the relationship between quantum information, heat and work. An additional goal of this project is to increase the diversity and talent pool of future physicists. The team will create a three and a half day pre-orientation program for entering freshman focused on building community among women and minority physics majors.The project builds on previous work using superconducting artificial atoms and the physics of cavity quantum electrodynamics to create quantum systems with exquisite control over the environment of the system. The team will undertake a series of experiments to study the relationship between quantum information and the thermodynamic quantities of heat and work. The first experiment will examine the interplay between quantum feedback, quantum coherence, and work in a continuously monitored superconducting qubit that realizes a quantum version of Maxwell's demon. The team will look for uniquely quantum features stemming from the quantum coherence of the qubit and the backaction of the continuous measurement. In the second project the team will create a single atom heat engine that utilizes the electronic degrees of freedom of a superconducting artificial atom. This will explore how quantum superposition, entanglement, and quantum control can affect the Carnot efficiency of the engine. In a final experiment, the team will study the microscopic physics of thermalization with a thermal bath from the perspective of quantum measurement by simultaneously monitoring heat transfer to and from the bath.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

热力学是一个物理领域，它描述了热和功等量，以及它们与熵和温度的关系。最初是作为一种优化热机效率的理论发展起来的，上个世纪对热力学的两次扩展将该理论发展到了应该纳入量子力学的地步。首先，对信息在热力学中的作用的认识在热、熵和信息之间建立了强有力的联系。其次，将热力学扩展到波动很大的微观系统的领域，允许在经典粒子的单轨迹水平上应用热力学。量子力学需要这两个特征，因为信息和涨落是量子系统行为的核心。本世纪已经实现了对单量子系统的实验控制，这使我们在将热力学扩展到量子区域方面处于独特的地位。随着量子机器变得更加复杂，以及经典机器进一步微型化，理解量子热力学将变得越来越重要。实验工作将利用微观超导电路作为人造原子，并利用这些原子与微波光的相互作用来控制原子的环境。该团队将进行一系列实验，阐明量子信息、热量和功之间的关系。这个项目的另一个目标是增加未来物理学家的多样性和人才库。该团队将为一年级新生创建一个为期三天半的预适应计划，重点是在女性和少数民族物理专业的学生中建立社区。该项目建立在之前的工作基础上，使用超导人造原子和腔量子电动力学物理来创建能够精确控制系统环境的量子系统。该团队将进行一系列实验，以研究量子信息与热和功的热力学数量之间的关系。第一个实验将研究量子反馈、量子相干之间的相互作用，并在连续监测的超导量子比特中工作，实现麦克斯韦恶魔的量子版本。该团队将寻找独特的量子特征，这些特征源于量子比特的量子相干性和连续测量的反作用。在第二个项目中，该团队将创造一个单原子热机，它利用超导人造原子的电子自由度。这将探索量子叠加、纠缠和量子控制如何影响引擎的卡诺效率。在最后的实验中，该团队将从量子测量的角度研究热浴加热的微观物理，同时监测热浴的热量传递。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Two-Qubit Engine Fueled by Entanglement and Local Measurements

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.126.120605
发表时间：
2021-03-24
期刊：
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Bresque, Lea;Camati, Patrice A.;Auffeves, Alexia
通讯作者：
Auffeves, Alexia

Quantum process inference for a single-qubit Maxwell demon

DOI：
10.1103/physreva.104.022211
发表时间：
2021-02
期刊：
Physical Review A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Xingrui Song;M. Naghiloo;K. Murch
通讯作者：
Xingrui Song;M. Naghiloo;K. Murch

Energetic Cost of Measurements Using Quantum, Coherent, and Thermal Light

使用量子光、相干光和热光进行测量的能量成本

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.128.220506
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Physical Review Letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Linpeng, Xiayu;Bresque, Léa;Maffei, Maria;Jordan, Andrew N.;Auffèves, Alexia;Murch, Kater W.
通讯作者：
Murch, Kater W.

Integrating superfluids with superconducting qubit systems

将超流体与超导量子比特系统集成

DOI：
10.1103/physreva.101.012336
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Physical Review A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Lane, J. R.;Tan, D.;Beysengulov, N. R.;Nasyedkin, K.;Brook, E.;Zhang, L.;Stefanski, T.;Byeon, H.;Murch, K. W.;Pollanen, J.
通讯作者：
Pollanen, J.

Topological Quantum State Control through Exceptional-Point Proximity