CAREER: Enabling a Rich Astro-particle and Exotic Physics Program in DUNE

事业：在 DUNE 中实现丰富的天体粒子和奇异物理项目

• 批准号: 1753228
• 负责人: Georgia Karagiorgi
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1753228&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Enabling; Rich; Astro; particle

The Standard Model of particle physics was a formative intellectual development of 20th century physics. While the discovery of the Higgs mechanism in 2012 was a crowning achievement for the Standard Model, many mysteries remain, including the role of the elusive neutrino. Neutrinos are elementary particles that rarely interact with ordinary matter. The Standard Model predicts three types of massless neutrinos. However, experimentally, we know that neutrinos do have very small masses, and yet they permeate the universe. Because they have mass, they can change from one type to another. Measuring properties of these changes, and comparing them to theoretical predictions, provides a promising pathway to discover how neutrinos shape our universe. To that end, the neutrino community is embarking on a challenging quest to complete the picture of neutrino physics through the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be a massive, 40,000-ton instrument optimized to detect neutrino interactions about a mile underground at Sanford Lab in South Dakota. This facility, being built during the next 10 years, will observe interactions of neutrinos produced at Fermilab and traveling 800 miles to DUNE and, due to its large volume, can also detect particles coming from astrophysical sources. This work seeks to develop ways to look for and identify signals for new physics.The DUNE experiment offers a unique opportunity for a rich astro-particle and exotic physics search program, including: observations of low-energy astrophysical neutrinos, e.g. from supernova core-collapse, thus lending itself to multi-messenger astrophysics, and searches for other rare processes, e.g. proton decay and neutron-antineutron oscillation. If observed, these signatures would have profound implications for particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The rarity of these signals requires continuous, high-resolution readout and processing of Time Projection Chamber (TPC) data from the entire DUNE detector. The resulting data rates for such a data acquisition (DAQ) scheme are prohibitively large and create a challenge: to develop readout and DAQ systems that are capable of significant data reduction and efficient self-triggering with zero deadtime. This award will carry out a unique and ambitious R&D program to develop novel readout and triggering techniques involving Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) deployed on FPGA devices, including a demonstration of some of these techniques at the upcoming SBND experiment, beginning in 2019.This CAREER award will strengthen the undergraduate research experience of Columbia University students, including underrepresented groups. The project will also provide unique opportunities of involvement in cutting edge research in readout electronics, detector R&D, and computer science applications for data handling and data analysis, and further promote interdisciplinary research opportunities for physics and non-physics majors through a Seminar Series developed and organized by the PI. The award will sponsor an additional slot in Nevis Lab's Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) Program for two years, specifically for non-physics majors interested in particle physics. Outreach to the public and local high-school students will also be carried out through lectures at local high schools and the Nevis Science-on-Hudson public lecture series. Recruited summer high-school students will develop a virtual reality visualization of a supernova burst, as "seen" in a Liquid Argon TPC. This visualization will be demonstrated annually at the World Science Festival.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

粒子物理学的标准模型是世纪物理学的一个重要发展。 虽然2012年希格斯机制的发现是标准模型的最高成就，但许多谜团仍然存在，包括难以捉摸的中微子的作用。中微子是基本粒子，很少与普通物质相互作用。 标准模型预测了三种类型的无质量中微子。 然而，从实验上我们知道中微子的质量确实很小，但它们却渗透到宇宙中。 因为它们有质量，它们可以从一种类型变成另一种类型。 测量这些变化的性质，并将它们与理论预测进行比较，为发现中微子如何塑造我们的宇宙提供了一条有希望的途径。为此，中微子社区正在进行一项具有挑战性的探索，通过深层地下中微子实验（DUNE）完成中微子物理学的图景，这将是一个巨大的，40，000吨的仪器，用于探测南达科他州桑福德实验室地下一英里处的中微子相互作用。 该设施将在未来10年内建成，将观测费米实验室产生的中微子的相互作用，并将其传播到800英里外的DUNE，由于其体积庞大，还可以探测来自天体物理源的粒子。 DUNE实验为丰富的天体粒子和奇异物理学搜索计划提供了一个独特的机会，包括：观测低能天体物理中微子，例如来自超新星核心坍缩的中微子，从而有助于多信使天体物理学，并搜索其他罕见的过程，例如质子衰变和中子-反中子振荡。如果被观测到，这些特征将对粒子物理学、天体物理学和宇宙学产生深远的影响。这些信号的稀有性要求从整个DUNE探测器连续、高分辨率地读出和处理时间投影室（TPC）数据。这样的数据采集（DAQ）方案的所得数据速率非常大，并且产生了挑战：开发能够显著减少数据和具有零死区时间的有效自触发的读出和DAQ系统。该奖项将开展一项独特而雄心勃勃的研发计划，以开发涉及部署在FPGA设备上的卷积神经网络（CNN）的新型读出和触发技术，包括在即将到来的SBND实验中演示其中一些技术，从2019年开始。该CAREER奖将加强哥伦比亚大学学生的本科研究经验，包括代表性不足的群体。该项目还将提供参与读出电子学，探测器研发和计算机科学应用于数据处理和数据分析的前沿研究的独特机会，并通过由PI开发和组织的研讨会系列进一步促进物理和非物理专业的跨学科研究机会。 该奖项将赞助尼维斯实验室的本科生研究经验（REU）计划的额外插槽两年，特别是对粒子物理感兴趣的非物理专业。还将通过在当地高中举办讲座和哈德逊上的尼维斯科学公开讲座系列，向公众和当地高中学生进行宣传。被招募的暑期高中生将开发一个虚拟现实可视化的超新星爆发，作为“看到”在液态氩TPC。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The continuous readout stream of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber for detection of supernova burst neutrinos

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/16/02/p02008
• 发表时间: 2021-02-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Abratenko, P.;Alrashed, M.;Zhang, C.
• 通讯作者: Zhang, C.

Low-energy physics in neutrino LArTPCs

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6471/acad17
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
• 作者: S. Andringa;J. Asaadi;J. T. C. Bezerra;F. Capozzi;D. Caratelli;F. Cavanna;E. Church;Y. Efremenko-Y.

Accelerating Deep Neural Networks for Real-time Data Selection for High-resolution Imaging Particle Detectors

• DOI: 10.1109/nysds.2019.8909784
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: 2019 New York Scientific Data Summit (NYSDS)
• 作者: Y. Jwa;G. Di Guglielmo;L. Carloni;G. Karagiorgi